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Greek, Roman, and Gothic Architecture

Greek, Roman, and Gothic Architecture. The buildings that helped make up their cultures . Greek Architecture. Most influential of ancient architecture Pillar and capital (tops) are typical of Greek buildings Temples are the great survivors of Greek Period

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Greek, Roman, and Gothic Architecture

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  1. Greek, Roman, and Gothic Architecture The buildings that helped make up their cultures

  2. Greek Architecture • Most influential of ancient architecture • Pillar and capital (tops) are typical of Greek buildings • Temples are the great survivors of Greek Period • Three main styles Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian

  3. Doric • Named after Dorian invaders who took over much of Greece • Prominent in mainland Greece, Italy, and Sicily • Sturdy with a plain round top

  4. Ionic • Developed in region of Ionia, west coast of Turkey • Influenced by Mediterranean and oriental styles • Famous for curling that occurs at top of column

  5. Corinthian • Comes from the Ionic style because of slight design flaw in Ionic • Late 5th century • Used only for interior use at first

  6. Parthenon

  7. Parthenon • Built for Goddess Athena. Greek religion was important to society and they build large structures to show this • Built in nine years (447-438) • Doric design but inside Ionic columns are used • Used as a treasury • http://www.sacred-destinations.com/greece/athens-parthenon

  8. Roman Architecture • Borrowed heavily from Greek architecture • Used volcanic lava instead of clay for their cement which made it the strongest until Portland cement • Fragments of volcanic rubble are added, concrete is made • This made for the great aqueducts, roads, and architecture of Roman Period

  9. Dome, Arch, and Vault • The three great achievements of Roman architecture • Both the Egyptians and Greeks could not build dome based structures. • Concrete helped create more stable structures for Romans

  10. Dome, Arch, and Vault • Three elements are all applications of same concept • These elements are all prominent in Roman architecture and helped make their own architecture unique from Greece • Romans wanted their architecture to show their glory and strength

  11. Pantheon

  12. Pantheon • Impressive example of Roman architecture • Built by Hadrian AD 120 • Concrete dome with an oculus (central opening) in the middle. Provides no structural point, just interesting effect of allowing sunlight in • Squares cut into dome support structural integrity • http://www.rome.info/pantheon/

  13. AraPacis

  14. AraPacis • Example of Roman propaganda and architecture • Built by the Emperor Augustus • Meant to show the peace and prosperity Augustus was bringing to Rome and the power of the Julio-Claudians

  15. Gothic Architecture • Gothic is term used for European architecture after the Romans • Mainly present in European cathedrals but is included in some secular buildings • Many cathedrals are structures that are built upwards trying to reach “the heavens”

  16. Gothic Architecture • Interior is extremely tall and windows fill the buildings with light • Exterior has many sharp angles, statues, and open framework of flying buttresses

  17. Characteristics • Pointed arch which is different from the round Roman arch • Large stained glass windows which bring in lots of color and light • First appeared in France in the 12th century • Structures are suppose to appeal to our emotions, inspire awe

  18. Influences • Different types of Gothic styles, English, French, German, and Italian • May have taken from Muslim architecture • Religion influenced the building of Gothic structures • The availability of materials in each region also added to the uniqueness of the buildings

  19. Notre Dame, Paris

  20. Notre Dame, Paris • One of the finest examples of French Gothic architecture • Among first buildings to use flying buttresses • Built to affirm France as a political capital, economic centre, and intellectual and teaching centre • http://www.notredamedeparis.fr/-Cathedral-for-art-and-history-

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