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Pumpkin Purification

Pumpkin Purification. Removal of Toxic Metals from an Aqueous Solution Using Curcurbita Agricultural Waste Products. Lauren Hodge Dallastown Area High School. INTRODUCTION. IDEA FORMATION Review of Journal Article York Flood Garden Observation. INTRODUCTION.

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Pumpkin Purification

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  1. Pumpkin Purification Removal of Toxic Metals from an Aqueous Solution Using Curcurbita Agricultural Waste Products Lauren Hodge Dallastown Area High School

  2. INTRODUCTION IDEA FORMATION • Review of Journal Article • York Flood • Garden Observation

  3. INTRODUCTION • Why do banana peels work? • Compounds in pumpkin • Hypothesis

  4. INTRODUCTION • Purpose of this research • Dosage dependent? • Lead versus chromium? • Is concentration a factor?

  5. RESEARCH Graphs courtesy of the United States Geological Survey

  6. RESEARCH WATER POLLUTION: A Problem Limited to Developing Countries?

  7. RESEARCH WATER POLLUTION: A Problem Limited to Developing Countries? INCORRECT!!!!!! • Exists globally, nationally, and locally • 12,531 pounds of toxic metals flow through the Susquehanna daily

  8. RESEARCH CURRENT REMOVAL METHODS • Chemical Precipitation • Ion Exchange • Reverse Osmosis • Phytoremediation • Adsorption- activated carbon, resins

  9. RESEARCH AGRICULTURAL WASTE PRODUCTS • Apple Waste • Corncobs • Cereal Crops • Barks and Leaves • Sawdust • Banana Peel

  10. RESEARCH CHARACTERISTICS OF SUCCESSFUL BIOMASS • Lignocellulosic biomass: plant biomass that contains cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignon • Cellulose: organic structural component compound found in plants, polysaccharide with a linear chain • Hemicellulose: similar to cellulose but has shorter chains that branch • Lignon: organic polymer, gives the plants structure lignon cellulose hemicellulose

  11. RESEARCH CHARACTERISTICS OF SUCCESSFUL BIOMASS • Carboxylic groups: organic acid, has at least 1 carboxyl group • Phenolic groups: also organic, has phenolic ring Phenolic ring Carboxylic acid

  12. PROCEDURE Preparation of Pumpkin (Stage 1): • Four pumpkins were washed, stems and seeds removed, and sliced to uniform thickness • Pumpkin slices were dehydrated using residential oven for approximately four hours • After strips were thoroughly cooled, they were placed into blender and pulverized • Pumpkin powder was stored in sanitized, labeled glass jars • 3.00 g of sieved pumpkin powder from each pumpkin was combined and mixed to create a homogeneous mixture of 12.0 g.

  13. PROCEDURE Preparation of Metal Ion Solutions (Stage 2): • 1 ppm solutions were prepared by pouring 4 ml of 1,000 ppm stock solution into 250 ml volumetric flask (done for lead and chromium) • 5 ppm were then prepared by pouring 20 ml of 1,000 ppm stock solution into 250 ml volumeteric flask (done for lead and chromium) • Deionized water was added to prepare solutions with total volume of 250 ml • This resulted in four solutions: 250 ml of lead in 1 ppm, 250 ml of lead in 5 ppm, 250 ml of chromium in 1 ppm, 250 ml of chromium in 5 ppm • Automatic pH probe was calibrated and solutions were titrated with sodium hydroxide in order to increase pH

  14. PROCEDURE Combining Pumpkin Powder and Metal Solutions (Stage 3): • 15 ml of each of the four metal solutions were poured into six labeled centrifuge tubes resulting in 24 experimental samples • Appropriate pumpkin dosage was then added (either 0.050 g or 0.50 g) • 13 additional control samples were also prepared • All samples were placed onto Orbital Shake Table overnight • Samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for five minutes • Samples were then vacuum filtered using 45 micron filter paper for 30 secs • Filtered samples were transferred to labeled ICP vials and run through ICP

  15. DATA

  16. DATA

  17. DATA

  18. DATA

  19. CONCLUSION • General Conclusion • Pumpkin Dosage

  20. CONCLUSION • General Conclusion • Pumpkin Dosage

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