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The French Revolution

The French Revolution. What is a revolution? What would cause a revolution to occur?. “L’etat c’est moi” (I am the state) “Sun King” Divine Right Theory Increased French territory Warfare Taxation Cultural Development Versailles Extravagance. LOUIS XIV 1643-1715. Louis’ Life.

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The French Revolution

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  1. The French Revolution What is a revolution? What would cause a revolution to occur?

  2. “L’etat c’est moi” (I am the state) “Sun King” Divine Right Theory Increased French territory Warfare Taxation Cultural Development Versailles Extravagance LOUIS XIV1643-1715

  3. Louis’ Life Condition of France Part I. Old Regime “The Way Things Were”

  4. Louis XVI & Marie Antoinette Louis XIV Louis XV • A history of divine right/absolute rule • Levied taxes on subjects • Poverty increasing

  5. The People of France • How are the people of France divided? • What can you infer about the population? 0.5% 1.5% 98%

  6. Who makes up the 98% of the 3rd Estate? • 98% • BOURGEOISIE • Laborers/Peasants • Sans Culottes Who was the greatest threat? Why?

  7. Early French Monarchy How would Enlightenment thinkers react to such rule/conditions? Why?

  8. Do Now: What is the main idea of the cartoon?

  9. Grievances – 3rd Estate Political Economic Social 1. Bourgeoisie: 2. Peasants: 3. Sans Culottes:

  10. Do Now: What does the data in the graph reveal? The French Urban Poor % of income spent on bread

  11. France = bankrupt War Debts Never convened the Estates General Louis XV 1715-1774

  12. Louis XVI & Marie Antoinette: 1774-1793 • Inherits bankruptcy crisis • Bankers refuse to lend more money • Unemployment; grain shortages • Taxes increase • BREAD RIOTS! • (1789)Convenes the Estates General (meeting of the 3 estates) • has not convened in 175 years

  13. Welcome to the meeting of the Estates General • We are here to discuss thefinancial crisisfacing France today. • Within your estate, please work together to figure out aplanfor France’s recovery. • Remember: The people arebankrupt, unemployed, and starving– and the banks won’t lend us any more money! WHAT SHOULD FRANCE DO?

  14. Traditional Rules Applied: 1. Each estate entitled to 1 vote! 2. Reps of 3rd Estate storm out of meeting!

  15. Chapter 19 – The French Rev & NapoleonIII. Radical Days • Downfall of The Monarchy • Outbreaks of Violence • The French Republic • Death of a King and Queen B. The Convention Under Siege • Committee of Public Safety • Robespierre • The Reign of Terror C. Reaction and The Directory D. Women in the Revolution E. Changes in Daily Life

  16. Stage II. Moderate Stage (1789-1792)

  17. 3rd Estate forms a National Assembly • Tennis Court Oath: promise to implement a constitution for France! • Eventually joined by all estates LOUIS GETS NERVOUS! BRINGS IN TROOPS

  18. Bastille Day – Parisians storm the “Bastille”July 14, 1789 PRISON SYMBOLIC ACT This lead to the “Great Fear”….Why?

  19. The Declaration of the Rights of Man(1789)

  20. Constitution of 1791 • Separation of Powers • Limited Monarchy • Equality of ALL men • Rights of nobility are STRIPPED How do you think French citizens reacted to the new changes?

  21. How do you think French citizens reacted to the Declaration of the Rights of Man?

  22. National Assembly = Different Goals MODERATES CONSERVATIVES RADICALS Limited Change Extreme Change Resists Change Bourgeoisie Sans-Culottes/Peasants 1st & 2nd How was the assembly divided?

  23. Response to the Moderate Stage • 4. Revolutionaries • - Call on soldiers to defend revolution • - France declares war & defeats Austria/Prussia (1792) • - Radicals take over & • setup new administration: • Commune • Imprison royal family • Call for National Convention to write new constitution 1. Radicals: • Not far enough! Desire a republic! 2. LOUIS XVI • Tries to flee France 3. Nobility • Revolution went too far! Emigrate; seek foreign help (Austria & Prussia)

  24. Nationalist (Revolutionary) Spirit“Liberty, Equality, Fraternity”

  25. Do Now:1. What is the purpose of a national anthem?2. What emotions do the following songs evoke (stir up)? Create a list!A. B. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kijnCp-4n64&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4K1q9Ntcr5g&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

  26. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kijnCp-4n64&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=activehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kijnCp-4n64&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4K1q9Ntcr5g&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kijnCp-4n64&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4K1q9Ntcr5g&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active http://www.kididdles.com/lyrics/s118.html http://www.marseillaise.org/english/audio.html

  27. La Marseillaise Arise children of the fatherlandThe day of glory has arrivedAgainst us stands tyrannyThe bloody standard is raisedListen to the sound in the fieldsThe howling of these fearsome soldiersThey come into our armsand slit the throats of our sons and companions To arms citizens Form your battalionsLet’s march, Let’s marchLet impure bloodWater our fields Do Now:What is the story that is being told through this verse?

  28. Oh, say, can you see, by the dawn's early light,What so proudly we hail'd at the twilight's last gleaming?Whose broad stripes and bright stars, thro' the perilous fight,O'er the ramparts we watch'd, were so gallantly streaming?And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air,Gave proof thro' the night that our flag was still there.O say, does that star-spangled banner yet waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

  29. III. Radical Stage (1792-1795) “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity”

  30. Leader of National Convention Creates Committee of Public Safety Reign of Terror Dictatorship; campaign against “enemies of France” Execution of Louis XVI Maximilien Robespierre (1793-1794)“republic of virtue?” “aid all peoples wishing to recover their liberty”

  31. The Execution of Louis XVI & Marie Antoniette (1793)

  32. Daily trials • GUILLOTINE • Approx. 40,000 executions • MOST VICTIMS WERE COMMONERS!

  33. Perspectives on the Reign of Terror

  34. “It is with regret that I pronounce the fatal truth: Louis ought to perish rather than a hundred thousand virtuous citizens; Louis must die that the country may live” - Robespierre • Homework: • Do you agree or disagree? Why? • Did the execution of the King advance the goals of the revolution or was it a setback? Explain your answer. • (one paragraph) – Due Tuesday.

  35. French Revolution ~ Film Questions: • What happened to Robespierre? Why? • How did the Directory govern France? (Stage IV) • What happened to the Directory? • Describe the characteristics surrounding Napoleon’s rule (+/-) ? (Stage V)

  36. Do Now:What do you see?

  37. IV. Reactionary Stage(1795-1799) Moderates react to the disorder _____________ executed Reign of ________ ends

  38. The Directory(1795-1799) -------------------------------------- • 5 Directors ruled as executive • Inefficient • Corrupt • Coups d’etat

  39. V. Age of Napoleon(1799-1815)

  40. Directions:Perspectives on Napoleon____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Working with your group: • Read documents and complete questions. • Create a “Word Splash” a. Graffiti a piece of paper with… -key terms/phrases from the reading. -key words that immediately come to mind based on the reading. b. Be prepared to have a speaker to present your “Splash.” Your “Splash” should serve as a tool for your classmates to learn about your perspective!

  41. "His Monument": Napoleon’s Past and Future Are Filled with Dead Bodies 2.

  42. Do Now:What would cause a ruler to lose power? Create a list of ideas!

  43. “the great Globe itself, and all which inherit it, is too small to satisfy such insatiable appetites” “The Plum-Pudding in Danger”

  44. What lands did Napoleon rule? • What would lead to the decline of an empire?

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