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Chapter 12 Race And Ethnic Relations. Key Terms. ethnic groups A social category of people who share a common culture. ethnic The definition the group has of itself as sharing a common cultural bond.
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Chapter 12Race And Ethnic Relations Key Terms
ethnic groups A social category of people who share a common culture. ethnicThe definition the group has of itself as sharing a common cultural bond.
raceA group treated as distinct in society on the basis of certain characteristics that have been assigned social importance in society. racializationA process whereby some social category such as social class or nationality takes on what are perceived in the society to be race characteristics.
racial formationThe process by which groups come to be defined as a race. minority groupAny distinct group in society that shares common group characteristics and is forced to occupy low status because of prejudice and discrimination.
dominant group or social majorityThe group that assigns a racial or ethnic group to subordinate status. stereotypesOversimplified set of beliefs about members of a social group or social stratum that is used to categorize individuals of that group.
salienceprincipleStates that we categorize people on the basis of what appears initially prominent and obvious about them. stereotypeinterchangeabilityHolds that racial, gender, cultural, and class stereotypes, especially negative ones, are often interchangeable among groups.
prejudiceThe evaluation of a social group, and individuals within that group, based on conceptions about the social group that are held despite facts that contradict it, and that involve prejudgment and misjudgment. ethnocentrismThe belief that one's group is superior to all other groups.
racial-ethnic discriminationThe unequal treatment of a person based on race or ethnicity takes many forms, may be combined with other forms of discrimination, producing the double jeopardy effect, and does not necessarily go together with prejudice.
discriminationOvert negative and unequal treatment of the members of some social group or stratum solely because of their membership in that group or stratum. residentialsegregationSpatial separation of racial and ethnic groups into different residential areas.
racismThe perception and treatment of a racial or ethnic group or member of that group as intellectually, socially and culturally inferior to that group. dominative racismObvious, overt racism.
aversive racismSubtle, covert and nonobvious. institutionalracismNegative treatment and oppression of one racial or ethnic group by society’s existing institutions based on the presumed inferiority of the oppressed group.
assimilateProcess by which a minority becomes socially, economically and culturally absorbed within the dominant society. gendered racism theoryRefers to the interactive or combined effects of racism and sexism in the oppression of women of color.
victimization perspectiveDetracts attention from the positive actions groups have taken in response to oppression, and how oppression has contributed to the development of group and cultural strengths. cultural pluralismDefined as different groups in society keeping their distinctive cultures while coexisting peacefully with the dominant group.
segregationThe spatial and social separation of racial and ethnic groups. affirmativeactionRace specific policy for reducing job and education inequality.
