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Foundations: 8000 B.C.E.- 600 C.E.

Foundations: 8000 B.C.E.- 600 C.E. AP World History Susan Graham & Deborah Smith Johnston Lexington High School djohnston@sch.lexington.ci.ma.us sgraham@sch.lexington.ci.ma.us. Foundations Themes. Interaction and Exchange Urbanization Nomadic Peoples Axial Age Empires

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Foundations: 8000 B.C.E.- 600 C.E.

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  1. Foundations: 8000 B.C.E.- 600 C.E. AP World History Susan Graham & Deborah Smith JohnstonLexington High Schooldjohnston@sch.lexington.ci.ma.ussgraham@sch.lexington.ci.ma.us

  2. Foundations Themes • Interaction and Exchange • Urbanization • Nomadic Peoples • Axial Age • Empires • Spread of Religion

  3. What is a Civilization? • Origins of term- • Standard criteria: • Use of term?

  4. Civilizations?

  5. Population • Demography- • What factors influence population growth and decline?

  6. Role of Climate and Geography in Early Societies • Imagine how were early societies may have been affected. • How do you think early peoples responded? • What difference would geography make in the long term development of a society?

  7. Egypt Predictable flood Mesopotamia Irregular flooding Comparison of Egypt and Mesopotamia

  8. Finding Early Historical Evidence • Types of Sources • David Keyes, Catastrophe • Changing interpretations and new evidence

  9. Nomadic Peoples • Hunting-gathering lifestyle (!Kung people) • Labor/ leisure • Population growth • Gender relations

  10. Rise of Agriculture • Spontaneous separate development – why, where and when? • Diffusion of specific plants and techniques

  11. Birth of New Technologies • Fire • Bronze • Iron

  12. Early Societies • Mesopotamia • Egypt • Indus • Shang • Mesoamerica and Andean South America

  13. Shared Features

  14. Unique characteristics

  15. Urbanization • Comparisons between urban, pastoral and nomadic life

  16. Classical Societies • Axial age- • Why then? • Results: • Religion • Politics • Social Structure • Gender relations

  17. Axial Age Thinkers

  18. Empire Building • What does an empire require? • What do its subjects expect? • Symbols of legitimacy

  19. Symbols of Legitimacy

  20. Achievements • Greek science and philosophy • Roman law and architecture • Political organization in Han China • Spiritual and artistic developments in Gupta India

  21. Urbanization and Gender • How might gender roles be affected as peoples settled?

  22. Origins of World Belief Systems • Polytheism

  23. Origins of World Belief Systems • Hinduism

  24. Origins of World Belief Systems • Judaism

  25. Origins of World Belief Systems • Confucianism

  26. Origins of World Belief Systems • Daoism

  27. Origins of World Belief Systems • Buddhism

  28. Origins of World Belief Systems • Christianity

  29. Origins of World Belief Systems • Islam

  30. Diffusion of Belief Systems

  31. Collapse of Empires • Why do Empires fall? • Conrad-Demarest Model

  32. Early Migrations

  33. Interregional Networks of People by 600 C.E. • Silk Roads • Mediterranean trade • Indian Ocean trade • Meso and Andean American trading

  34. Silk Routes

  35. Mediterranean Trade Routes

  36. Indian Ocean Trade

  37. Conclusions • How do we know what we know? • How does change happen? • What results stem from interaction through migration, trade or pilgrimage? • Why do world historians need to pose questions differently than regional specialists?

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