Farming in Cheung Chau

1. Farming in Cheung Chau

2. Content • Location • The area of the farm • The farming activities of each site • The locational advantages of the selected Sites • Soil Characteristics of the selected sites • Description and explanation the farming system • Appropriate eco-farming techniques • Location of solar panels and wind turbines

3. Environmental- friendly and sustainability • Sustainability seeks to provide the best outcomes for the human and natural environments both now and into the indefinite future. • It is a relating to the continuity of economic, social, institutional and environmental aspects of human society, as well as the non-human environment. • It is intended to be a means of configuring civilization and human activity so that society, its members and its economies are able to meet their needs and express their greatest potential in the present, while preserving biodiversity and natural ecosystems, and planning and acting for the ability to maintain these ideals in a very long term.

4. Map of Mr Kwok’s land Total area : 140 sq.m

5. The farming activities of each site • Site A- Market Gardening • Site B- Chicken Farm

6. Site C- Plantation • Site D- Greenhouse

7. The locational advantages • Site A – Market Gardening • Relief : flatland • Light intensity : high, i.e. there is sufficient sunlight for the process of photosynthesis, especially for sunflowers which favor sunlight.

8. Temperature : moderate temperature • Soil : ~loamy and slightly acidic soil is suitable for planting flowers ~Soil moisture content is high enough for the flowers’ growth

9. Site B – Chicken Farm • In site B, it is a slope. • However, terracing is difficult to practice because there are over 13 trees. The soil is clay loam and the pH value is 7.5. Many fertilizers need to add so as to suit the plant. • In order to save the production cost, we suggest that a chicken farm should be build.

10. We are not going to keep the chickens in cages. Instead, we are going to set an area for them to run. • It provides a large area for the chicken to run. • Therefore , the quality of the chicken will be higher. • There can be a larger market and increase the profit.

11. Site C - Plantation • Site C is not a flatland. • If we want to develop this site, we need to practice terracing.

12. Planting of fruit trees is the most suitable because of the following reasons: • - The soil water content is low. (about 10.02%) • - The pH value is 6.5 (slightly acidic). • - The soil type is loam, which is the most suitable soil for plant to grow. • Therefore, we can avoid to use fertilizer and achieve environmental- friendly. • Also, the root of the trees can hold the soil and prevent soil erosion.

13. We choose the following fruit to plant: • -banana • -longan • The main reason for us to choose these trees is because we can see many of these fruit trees within the site. We believe that both the soil acidity and micro-climate is suitable

14. Site D – Greenhouse • Large piece of flatland

15. The soil- water content is the lowest among the four (only 60.8%) and it is difficult for plant to grow. • The pH value is 7 (neutral) and soil is clay loam. It is a little bit not the best site for various types of farming • The average temperature is high (about 36.1°C). • So, greenhouse, which can control the temperature and soil type, is the most suitable farming activities there.

16. Soil Characteristics

18. Description and explanation the farming system For arable farms • Input: • Solar energy • Chemical / Organic fertilizers • Seed • Technology • Electricity • Water • Nutrient • Soil • Capital • Labor Output: • Plants eg. crops, fruits, and other agricultural produce • pollutants • Processes: • Ploughing • Irrigation • Seeding Feedback: • Money --- Capital

19. For livestock farming Input: • Livestock • Food for the livestock • Water • Labor Output: • Meat • Animals waste • Pollutant Process: • Feeding Feedback: • Money --- Capital

20. Appropriate eco-farming techniques • Growing crops in a greenhouse • Use renewable energy (eg.solar energy, wind power.)

21. Practice organic farming • Grow chillies & spring onions

22. Use a scarecrow to keep away birds • Practise soil conservation by fallowing, crop rotation

23. Locational advantages for SOLAR ENERGYSite A • Adequate sunlight (1480 lux – 1700 lux) • Smaller number of trees means that more sunlight can reach the ground

24. Larger scale of solar energy panels can be built • The land is quite flat, with the highest accessibility (closest to the town centre in Cheung Chau)

25. Site D • Adequate sunlight (700 lux) • Solar energy panels can be built on the top of the greenhouse, providing the energy needed for the operation of the greenhouse. • Most of the vegetation there is low-growing, mainly shrubs, so it is unlikely for them to block the sunlight

26. The electricity generated can supply the farms in Site B, C and D. Power lines can be built along the ‘Mini Great Wall’ to save the cost • A road has been built reaching Caritas Chan Chun Ha Field Studies Centre, so cars can transport the needed materials to build the solar panels

27. Locational advantages for WIND ENERGYSite A • The wind speed there can reach 4m/s, so the wind turbines can be driven

28. It is more economical to build ONE only because there are solar panels in Site A, the total amount of energy is sufficient for the sprinkler system

29. It has high accessibility. It is located at the intersection of different roads

30. Site B • It is near the shore, the sea breeze can drive the wind turbines. • Wind speed is 4.1 m/s • A flat land is available

31. Two larger wind turbines are to be built, because they have to supply the necessary electricity for Site B, C and D

32. A road has been built reaching Caritas Chan Chun Ha Field Studies Centre, so cars can transport the needed materials to built the big wind turbines

33. ~ The End ~ Thank you for your attention By: Group 1 & Group 3