1. History of Computers

2. Over 5,000 years ago…

3. 1600’s • Blaise Pascal • Pascaline • Gottrfried von Leibniz • Improved on Pascaline

4. 1600’s Pascaline Blaise Pascal

5. Early 1800’s • Joseph Marie Jacquard • Jacquard’s Loom • Charles Xavier Thomas • Arithometer

6. Early 1800’s Jacquard’s Loom

7. Mid-1800’s Charles Babbage Countess Ada Lovelace

8. Mid 1800’s Analytical Engine

9. Late 1800’s

10. 1945 - 1956 • First Generation Computers • Used Vacuum tubes • Each computer had its own machine language • Examples: • Colossus • ENIAC • UNIVAC

11. 1945 - 1956 ENIAC

12. 1945 - 1956 UNIVAC

13. 1945 - 1956 • Term “Computer Bug” coined by Admiral Grace Hopper

14. 1956 - 1963 • Second Generation Computers • Transistors replaced vacuum tubes • Era of the punch cards • Examples • LARC • Stretch • IBM 1401

15. 1956 - 1963 IBM 7094 IBM 1401

16. 1964 - 1971 • Third Generation Computers • Integrated Circuits replaced transistors • Operating System used • Examples • IBM System 360 • Cray

17. 1964 - 1971 Cray 23 Cray 29

18. 1964 - 1971 IBM System 360

19. 1971 - present • Fourth generation computers • Large Scale Integration (LSI) • Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) • Ultra Large Scale Integration (ULSI) • Era of the Personal Computer • Pioneering Examples • Commodore • Radio Shack • Apple • IBM

20. 1971 - present Dell Dimension 8200 IBM PC 1

21. 1971 - present • ASCI White • Most powerful computing platform ever built! • 12.3 TeraOps (12,300,000,000,000 operations per second)

22. 1971 - present • 1981 – 2 million computers in use • 1982 – 5.5 million computers in use • 1992 – 65 million personal computers