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Agenda Warm Up Zoology Quick Questions #3 Go over Cladisticules Homework Take Zoology Notes #3

Monday 3/5 Turn packets (#1-7) into folders New TOC # s #9: Zoology Quick Questions #3 #10: Zoology Notes #3. Warm Up #6 Construct a cladogram for the following data. Agenda Warm Up Zoology Quick Questions #3 Go over Cladisticules Homework

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Agenda Warm Up Zoology Quick Questions #3 Go over Cladisticules Homework Take Zoology Notes #3

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  1. Monday 3/5Turn packets (#1-7) into folders New TOC #s#9: Zoology Quick Questions #3 #10: Zoology Notes #3 Warm Up #6 Construct a cladogram for the following data Agenda Warm Up Zoology Quick Questions #3 Go over Cladisticules Homework Take Zoology Notes #3 Zoology Online Questions#3

  2. Zoology Notes #3 Making cladograms Big Idea: Like family trees, phylogenetic trees representpatterns of ancestry. families can record their own history as it happens species in nature do not come with pieces of paper showing their family histories, biologists reconstructHistories by collecting and analyzing evidence to form a hypothesis about how the organisms are related — a phylogeny.

  3. What is the basis of organizing Cladograms • Cladograms are built by collecting data about the characters of each organism of interest • Charactersare heritable traits that can be compared across organisms • physical characteristics • genetic sequences • behavioral traits.

  4. Quick Question #1 • Write down in your own words what some examples of characters could be. • Why are they important?

  5. Goal for making a tree The goal while making a tree is to find evidence that will help us group organisms into less and less inclusive clades. Do this by finding characters that are unique to each branching organism: derived characters

  6. Derived Characters • Shared derived characters create clades • These are our “red lines” on the cladograms we have seen. • For example: • amphibians, turtles, lizards, snakes, crocodiles, birds and mammals all have, or historically had, four limbs.

  7. Key to a good tree • Use characters that are reliable indicators of common ancestry • We use homologouscharacters • characters in different organisms that are similar because they were inherited from a common ancestor that also had that character.

  8. Quick Question #2 Not all characters are homologous even if they seem similar • Write down in your own words what homologous means • Explain you idea to the person sitting next to you.

  9. Quick Question #3 birds and bats both have wings, while mice and crocodiles do not. Does that mean that birds and bats are more closely related to one another than to mice and crocodiles? • No. When we examine bird wings and bat wings closely, we see that there are some major differences.

  10. Homologous Vs. Analogous • Bird and bat wings are analogous • Traits that have separate evolutionary origins, but are superficially similar • Evolved to serve the same function • Analogies on a cladogram:

  11. Yay you are done with this part of the hw Don’t forget to answer the questions online!

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