1. Nutrition

2. Lesson Objectives • To understand why our bodies need food • To learn about the different nutrients and vitamins our bodies require

3. Why do we need food? We need to eat food for lots of different reasons: For energy to live, move and survive To grow, and to repair damaged cells and tissues in our body To keep warm To prevent diseases

4. Variety Balance

6. Energy (calories) Energy comes from the fat, carbohydrate, protein and alcohol that food and drink contains. Found in all food in differing amounts Different people need different amounts of energy. Energy is needed by the body to stay alive, grow, keep warm and be active

7. Protein Protein is needed for growth and repair of the body It is also a source of energy. 1g of protein provides 4 kcal Different foods contain different amounts and combinations of amino acids (the building blocks of proteins). The amount of protein we need changes during a lifetime The main sources include meat, fish, eggs, milk, cheese, cereals and cereal products (e.g. bread), nuts and pulses (peas, beans and lentils).

8. Fat . Fat provides energy; 1 gram provides 37 kJ (9 kcal). All fats contain both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids but are sometimes described as ‘saturated’ or ‘unsaturated’ according to the proportions of fatty acids present Butter is often described as a ‘saturated fat’, while most vegetable oils are described as ‘unsaturated fats’ Fat provides essential fatty acids. It is a carrier of fat-soluble A, D, E and K and is necessary for them to be absorbed in to the body Fat is needed for health but only in small amounts. No more than about one third of our energy intake should come from fat.

9. Carbohydrates . There are 2 main groups of carbohydrate - starch and sugars The main sources of carbohydrate include starchy foods, such as cereal, pulses and potatoes and foods and drinks containing sugars such as milk, fruits and vegetables, jam, confectionery, table sugar and some soft drinks. Sugars are called simple carbohydrates. They are called simple because your body digests them quickly and easily. Starchy Carbohydrates are called Complex carbohydrates. These carbohydrates take longer to be digested than simple carbohydrates do. Carbohydrates provide a source of energy -Glucose, Glycogen

10. Vitamins Vitamins are needed in very small amounts for many of the processes carried out in the body Vitamins are found in small amounts in many foods and can be put into two groups:- Fat soluble vitamins and Water soluble vitamins

11. Fibre Dietary fibre is found in cereal foods, beans, lentils, fruit & vegetables Dietary fibre is not digested by the body. It is the parts you cannot eat of fruit, vegetables, cereals, beans and pulses Fibre is important as it adds bulk to the diet and this helps food travel along the digestive system more quickly helping us to go to the toilet

12. Seven steps to healthy eating Do you eat a variety of different foods? Do you eat the right amount to be a healthy weight? Do you eat plenty of foods rich in starch and fibre? Do you eat plenty of fruit and vegetables? Do you eat too many foods that contain a lot of fat? Do you have sugary foods and drinks too often? Do you eat too much salt?

13. FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS DISSOLVE IN FAT - STORED IN THE BODY WATER SOLUBLE VITAMINS DISSOLVE IN WATER – LEAVE THE BODY QUICLKY