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India A short journey

India A short journey. Narasimha Reddy. Red Indians, West Indians…. So many different Indians!! Columbus went looking for India –Why? Found America Birth of Modern America linked to India!!! About 2.5 million Indians now in USA We have to prove Columbus Right!!. Some Facts.

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India A short journey

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  1. IndiaA short journey Narasimha Reddy

  2. Red Indians, West Indians…. • So many different Indians!! • Columbus went looking for India –Why? • Found America • Birth of Modern America linked to India!!! • About 2.5 million Indians now in USA • We have to prove Columbus Right!!

  3. Some Facts • Largest Democracy • 1.1 Billion people – more than 70% rural • Diverse population • 25 States and 10 Union Territories • Many Languages • 22 officially recognized • Unofficially in hundreds • Many Religions • Hinduism (82%), Islam(12%), Christianity(2%), Sikhism(2%), Buddhism(1%), Jainism(0.4%) • As diverse as Europe

  4. Marathi Oriya Hindi Kannada Telugu Tamil

  5. Diversity • Prime Minister: Manmohan Singh (A sikh) • Leader of the largest political party: Sonia Gandhi (An Italian born Catholic) • President: A woman • Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh: Rajasekhar Reddy (A converted Christian)

  6. Some Facts • Multi-party Parliamentary Democracy • About 50 political parties • Three branches • Parliament • Lower House –popular vote, every 5 years • Upper House –elected by lower house and State Legislators, elected for 6 years, with 1/3 elected every 2 years • President • Elected by Parliament and State Legislators • Judiciary • Lower courts presided by judges (no jury system)

  7. Indian Flag • Saffron: Piety and Patriotism • White: Purity and Peace • Green: Prosperity • Wheel: Progress

  8. Emblem on Indian currency • From the period of Ashoka • Stands for 24 hour justice • Protection in 4 directions

  9. India: A brief History • Indus Civilization: one of the oldest civilizations • 5000 BC and before • Didn’t invade other countries • Many Invaders, most settled and mixed • Muslims from Middle East • Moghul Dynasty • British Colony • Came as Traders (East India Company) • Independent since 15th August, 1947

  10. India: Contributions • Zero, Early Algebra, Decimal system, Early Trigonometry,Yoga, Chess • Gave birth to four religions: Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism • Secular long before the West • Jews have been living in India longer than in Europe • Non-violence, Peaceful means • Gandhi inspired many leaders elsewhere including Martin Luther King, Nelson Mandela (South Africa) • First University in Takshila in 700BC • Sanskrit –considered the mother of all European languages

  11. India: Economic Liberalization • Started in early 1990s under severe economic crunch • $3 billion foreign currency reserves • Economy is now resurgent • About $300 billion in reserves now • Economy largely driven by domestic consumption

  12. India: Economy numbers • 5th Largest in Dollar-exchange terms at $1.5 trillion, 4th Largest in Purchasing parity terms $5.21 trillion • Per capita $1,089 or $4,542 • 4 in the top 25 richest people in the world: • Lakshmi Mittal (Steel), Ambani brothers (Telecom, Petrochemicals & others), Azim Premji (Software) • Poverty rate: about 20% • Growing Wealth, growing disparity

  13. India: Other measures • Life Expectancy: 64 (male), 67 (female) • Population Density: 324 per sq.km • Roughly 10 times that of USA • Slightly lower than Japan • Per-capita power consumption: 631 Kwh • Roughly 1/20th of USA • Grain consumption • Roughly 1/5th of USA • Meat consumption • About 1/20th of USA

  14. India/USA: Wealth Comparison

  15. India and TAMU link • In early 70s, food shortages • Green Revolution • Norman Borlag, now at TAMU • Won Nobel Peace Prize • Self-sufficient and exports food now

  16. India in Images: Rich Culture

  17. India: Architecture

  18. India: Art

  19. India in Images: Spanning many centuries at once

  20. India in Images: Rapidly Modernizing

  21. India in Images: Changing Social Practices

  22. India in Images: Traditional/Western attire

  23. Bollywood Facts • Produces twice as many movies as Hollywood • Popular in many parts of the World • Asia, Africa, Middle East • Europe and USA (Non Resident Indians -NRI) • Movies now made with both Indian and NRI themes

  24. Non Resident Indians • About 20 million worldwide • USA: 2.5M, Canada: 800K, Middle East: 4.5M, UK:1.5M, Africa:3M, Malaysia:2.5M • USA NRIs concentrated in few areas • Own 35-40% of hotels/motels • Roughly 1/3 of engineers in Silicon Valley • Doctors • NRIs send back roughly $25 billion to India every year

  25. India • A vibrant democracy • Resurgent economy • Secular with many religions • Diverse cultures and languages • Rapidly modernizing

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