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MEASURING CHILDREN’S DISABILITY VIA HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS: THE MICS EXPERIENCE

MEASURING CHILDREN’S DISABILITY VIA HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS: THE MICS EXPERIENCE. Edilberto Loaiza and Claudia Cappa UNICEF, New York. OBJECTIVES. Present and discuss the data collection experience on disability via the Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey (MICS) approach

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MEASURING CHILDREN’S DISABILITY VIA HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS: THE MICS EXPERIENCE

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  1. MEASURING CHILDREN’S DISABILITY VIA HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS: THE MICS EXPERIENCE Edilberto Loaiza and Claudia Cappa UNICEF, New York

  2. OBJECTIVES • Present and discuss the data collection experience on disability via the Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey (MICS) approach • Present and discuss the main results in terms of: • Prevalence of disability by type • Characteristics of disabled children • Present and discuss results on the relationship between disability and child development

  3. DATA AND METHODS • Data use is part of the MICS2: 1999-2001 • This round included a module for child disability • For children 2-9 years of age • The module was included in 22 of the 65 MICS2 • The module measures impairments, health conditions and activity limitations via ten basic questions.

  4. What is MICS? • Methodology developed by UNICEF to produce data needed to report on agreed indicators to measure progress toward the World Summit for Children goals agreed by governments in 1990 • Lately MICS is instrumental to monitor the MDGs, WFfC, and other major international commitments • Capable of producing internationally comparable estimates of indicators • Statistically sound • Flexible — to suit country requirements (modules) • Core questionnaires + additional situation-specific modules, and optional modules • Reasonably inexpensive • Can be executed in a relatively short time • Collaboration with DHS survey programme

  5. THE DISABILITY MODULE • Two stage questionnaire • The ten questions module • Medical and psychological assessment (this stage was not implemented) • Included in 22 countries • 8 countries used modified questions • Only 7 used the whole set of 10 questions to children 2-9 years old.

  6. THE TEN QUESTIONS • Movement • Vision • Hearing • Understanding • Movement • Crisis/Fits • Learning • Speaking • Mental • Speech (for 3-9 years old) • Naming one object (for 2 years old)

  7. DESCRIPTIVE RESULTS • The screening result is positive if one or more of the responses classified the child as impaired • The last two questions were excluded from the analysis due to problems in their implementation and illogical results • Disability prevalence ranges from 44% in Sao Tome and Principe to 4% on North Iraq. • All plausible results • Not for comparison across countries

  8. Type of disability: 4 of the 9 disabilities 10% or more for a total of 44% of the children

  9. Disabilityby age of the child: no clear pattern but among 2 years old greater impairment if total is greater than 20%

  10. Disabilityby gender of the child: boys appear to have greater levels of impairment than girls

  11. Disabilityby place of residence: Urban/Rural

  12. Disabilityby place of residence: Region

  13. Disabilityby place of residence: Region

  14. Disabilityby mothers education: more than one pattern. Further analysis required

  15. Disabilityby household wealth: using the wealth index, different patterns are also observed

  16. Disabilityand child development: birth registration among children 2-4

  17. Disabilityand child development: vaccination and malnutrition levels among children 2-4 years of age

  18. Disabilityand child development: participation in early education programs by 3-4 years old

  19. Disabilityand child development: school attendance among children 6-9 years of age

  20. Disabilityand child development in Iraq: school attendance among children 6-9 years of age

  21. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS • Wide variation in total disability prevalence and in the prevalence by type of disability → analysis of the differences between countries not possible • Disability rates constant across ages, but the type of disability changes with age • Higher levels of disability for boys but risk of sampling errors • Important disparities by region

  22. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS • No conclusive results on the relationship between mother’s education/household wealth and the presence of disability • Children with disability disadvantaged in terms of access to vaccinations and nutritional status, but not in school participation • Need for further and more detailed analysis and research

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