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What is telemedicine?. literally medicine at a distance" integration of computers, telecommunications, information, and medical care using computer technology to improve delivery of health care to rural and underserved populations. Benefits of telemedicine. better access to health care for the ge
 
                
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1. Using Computers for Health Care: Telemedicine Developments 
2. What is telemedicine? literally medicine at a distance 
integration of computers, telecommunications, information, and medical care 
using computer technology to improve delivery of health care to rural and underserved populations 
3. Benefits of telemedicine better access to health care for the geographically or socially isolated 
lower costs for both hospital and patient 
fewer referrals to consultants 
improved medical education 
4. What makes telemedicine possible? computer technology 
digital imaging 
videoconferencing 
remote monitoring
networking and telecommunications 
local networks 
Interne 
5. Internet technology created in 1969 at UCLA by US Department of Defense (4 computers) 
expanded to include 50 research sites by 1972 
interconnected with other private and public networks during 1970s and 1980s 
currently a privately run system 
6. Internet technology World-Wide Web (WWW) 
invented by Swiss physicists in 1989 
access improved through development of browsers (Mosaic, Netscape, Internet Explorer) 
usefulness improved through development of search engines (Yahoo, Infoseek, Alta Vista) 
growing in popularity (53.5 million US adults) 
7. Taking advantage of technology for medical care medical informatics 
computerized patient records (history, insurance claim processing) 
integrated information management systems 
expert systems for advice or warnings 
on-line journals and research reports 
8. Taking advantage of technology for medical care telemedicine 
accessing or sharing records over distance 
teleradiology 
videoconferencing 
home health monitoring 
9. Is telemedicine feasible? early projects failed due to poor planning and lack of financial support 
new technology has renewed interest
successful programs exist (see Hamit) 
Texas 
North Carolina 
Georgia 
Kansas 
10. Non-technical obstacles to telemedicine development reluctance to adopt new technology 
FDA regulation of telemedicine networks as medical devices 
interstate licensing and credentials 
malpractice and liability (especially telecommunication providers) 
reimbursement policies 
11. Technical obstacles to telemedicine development security and confidentiality concerns 
telecommunication regulation and costs 
speed of communication (especially in rural areas) 
reliability and accessibility of information on WWW 
12. Web sites for exploration http://www.cs.uwyo.edu/~rex/telelab.html 
http://www.wmcnet.org/tele-med/telemed.htm 
http://www.fammed.washington.edu/telemed/ 
http://zeus.arc.nasa.gov/spacebridge.html 
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/visible/visible_human.html 
http://www.nnlm.nlm.nih.gov/netinfo/ 
http://www.jem.org