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Carbon

Carbon. Authorized by: Dagmar Slezáková Radka Lenartová. Carbon. is a chemical element typical non-metallic is the sixth most common element in the universe (in the food, the clothes, the cosmetics, the gasoline)

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Carbon

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  1. Carbon Authorized by: Dagmar Slezáková Radka Lenartová

  2. Carbon • is a chemical element • typical non-metallic • is the sixth most common element in the universe(in the food, the clothes, the cosmetics, the gasoline) • is found in abundance in the sun, stars, comets, and atmospheres of most planets • the atmosphere of Mars contains 96 % CO2

  3. Chemical properties • Symbol: C (lat. Carboneum) • Atomic number: 6 • Group number: 14 • Atomic weight: 12.0107 (8) g r • Electron configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p2 • Electrons per shell: 2, 4

  4. Allotropic forms 1. graphite (black) 2. diamond (colourless) 3. fullerenes (synthetic) 4. Another allotropes (synthetic): carbon nanotubes, lonsdaleite, aggregated diamond nanorods.

  5. Graphite • crystallizes in the hexagonal system • is one of the softest mineral • is a conductor of electricity(because of the delocalization of the pi-cloud) • is combined with clays to form the 'lead' used in pencils

  6. Diamond • crystallizes in the cubic system • is the hardest mineral known to man • is an excellent electrical insulator • is used for decorative purposes, and also as drill bits and other applications making use of its hardness

  7. Cullian I (The Star of Africa) • the biggest discovered diamond in the world • was cut in 1908 in Amsterdam • is a component of crown jewellery of The United Kingdom of Great Britain (It is set in The Tower in London)

  8. Fullerenes • also called "buckyballs" and "buckytubes" • the properties of fullerenes have not yet been fully analyzed • have a graphite-like structure, but instead of purely hexagonal packing, also contain pentagons (or possibly heptagons) of carbon atoms

  9. Inorganic chemistry • CO2 …carbon dioxide • H2CO3…carbonic acid • CS2 …carbon disulfide • CO … carbon monoxide • HCN … hydrogen cyanide • CaC2 … calcium carbide • CaCO3 (MgCO3) … calcite (magnesite), salts of carbonic acid

  10. Organic chemistry I • HydrocarbonsC-C, C=C, CΞC, … • AlcoholsC-OH • Phenols–OHon aromatic nucleus • EthersC-O-C • PeroxidesC-O-O-H • AldehydesHC=O • KetonesC-CO-C • EstersR-C-OOR

  11. Organic chemistry II

  12. References: • http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/uhlik • www.koh-i-noor.cz/home.html • http://www.tyden.cz/ • http://www.webelements.com • Technické slovníky, Nakladatelství technické literatury, Praha 1992

  13. *Thank you for your attention* *Thank you for your attention* *Thank you for your attention* *Thank you for your attention* *Thank you for your attention* *Thank you for your attention* *Thank you for your attention* *Thank you for your attention*

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