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Understanding Texas Map Projections and Cartography Methods

This chapter explores how the regions of Texas are identified and showcased through various mapping techniques. It discusses the importance of scale in maps, providing examples of different scale representations such as bar graphs and fractional scales. The text explains the role of cartographers and the significance of map projections in aligning a curved surface with a flat one. Furthermore, it categorizes maps into general-purpose and special-purpose types, highlights common map features, and delves into the characteristics of physical and political maps, enriching readers' understanding of cartography.

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Understanding Texas Map Projections and Cartography Methods

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 2Sections 2-3Pages 33-40 Essential Question: How were the regions of Texas identified?

  2. Objectives • Compare and contrast the different methods of showing scale. • Analyze map characteristics to determine the type of map projections. • Interpret information from different types of map projections. • Compare/contrast general-purpose and special-purpose maps. • Categorize maps as being either general-purpose or special-purpose. • Infer information about maps.

  3. Making the Earth Fit on a Page • Maps are models of actual areas • Maps are drawn to scale • Scale: relationship between a distance on a map and the actual distance it represents • Example: 1 inch = 100 miles • Ways to show scale • Bar graph, written scale, fractional scale (see page 34)

  4. Cartographers • Cartographer: a person who makes maps • Read Then and Now on page 35 • Geradus Mercator (page 33) • How do cartographers fit a round surface onto a flat map? • By using map projections to eliminate distortions • See picture on page 35 • Projection: the transfer of an image of a curved surface onto a flat surface • Plane (used for polar areas) • Cylinder (below the equator areas) • Cone (between polar and low-latitude areas) • Texas is best displayed using a cone projection

  5. Cartography Video

  6. Common Map Features • Map title • Scale • Location • Symbols • Legend (Key) • Legend: an explanation of a map’s symbols and scale

  7. Types of Maps • General-Purpose Maps • Physical Maps: map that shows the natural features of an area • They show the topography: features of the earth’s surface and relationship to each other in terms of location and elevation • Example: mountains, valleys, rivers, lakes • Also called elevation maps • Use different colors to represent differences • Political Maps: map that shows boundaries in an area • Shows boundaries between counties, states, countries, etc • Also identify towns, cities, national parks, state capitals, etc • Physical-Political Maps: shows both topography and boundaries • Most classroom maps

  8. Special-Purpose Maps • Show info about a specific topic • Example: military maps, historical maps, city street maps, natural resource maps, etc

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