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Worldwide centres of the film industry by Amy Payne
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Worldwide centres of the film industry
The United States • Universal pictures: • Founded in 1912 by Carl Laemmle. • In 1928 Laemmle promoted his son, Carl Laemmle Jr to be the head of Universal Pictures. • In 1962 Universal pictures was overtaken by MCA (the music corporation of America). • In 2004 the majority of stakes were sold to General Electric, the parents of NBC. The conglomerate was renamed to NBC Universal. • Ronald Meyer is the president/chief operating officer. • The second oldest film institution in America. • The production studios are based in Universal city, California. • Universal pictures created famous films such as Jaws, Jurassic Park, The Bourne identity films and Meet the parents. • Paramount pictures: • Founded by Adolph Zukor. • The first film made by Paramount pictures was released in 1912. • He began a partnership with Daniel and Charles Frohman, and was going to feature films that would be targeted at a middle class audience. • Paramount merged and made deals with other companies in order to obtain the most famous stars to be in their films at the time. • It is now owned by the media conglomerate Viacom, since the 1990s. • It is the oldest and longest on going film production company in America. • Paramount pictures created films such as “War of the worlds”, “King kong” and “Titanic”.
India • Dharma productions: • Founded by Yash Johar in 1976. • The company is based in Mumbai, India. • After Yash Johar passed away, Mr Karan Johar took over as the creative head, who has created many hit movies in the history of Indian cinema. • In 1998, their film “Kuch Kuch Hota Hai” became the first Indian produced film to climb into the UK’s top 10. • Dharma productions created films such as “Kaal”, “We are family” and “Dostana”. • Yash Raj films: • Founded by Yash Chopra, known as one of the most successful film makers in India. • He started out as an assistant to his brother and went on to direct 5 successful films for his brother’s production company, B R films. • In 2007, Yash Raj films combined with Walt Disney productions to produce an Indian animation film. • His films are presented in a glamorous and picturesque fashion, often plots of romance. • The vice chairman of the company is his son, Aditya Chopra. • Yash Raj produced films such as “Dhoom”, “Vijay” and “Doosra Aadmi”.
Hong Kong • Golden harvest: • Founded in 1970 by Raymond Chow, Leonard Ho and Leung Fung. • Raymond Chow and Leonard Ho were originally executive producers for the successful Hong Kong company Shaw brothers, but left to form their own company. • In 1973 Golden Harvest joined with the Warner bros to create the film “Enter the dragon”, a worldwide hit. • In 2007, the company was bought by a businessman, Wu Kebo. In 2009, the company merged and became known as Orange sky golden harvest. • Golden Harvest is the first Chinese film company to successfully enter the Western market for a sustained amount of time. • The company is based in Kowloon, Hong Kong. • Golden harvest produced films such as “Teenage mutant ninja turtles”, “Dragons forever” and “The cannonball run”. • Emperor motion pictures: • The original company was known as Emperor group, founded in 1942. • The subsidiary group, Emperor motion pictures was founded in 2000 by Albert Yeung. • In 2007, Emperor motion pictures joined with other companies to distribute successful films such as “Sex in the city: the movie” and “Kickass”. • The company is based in Wan Chai, Hong Kong. • Emperor motion pictures produced films such as “The twins effect”, “Shaolin” and “Shinjuku incident”.
France • Gaumont: • Founded in 1895 by Le̒on Gaumont. • The company began producing short films in 1897 to promote their make of a camera projector. • In the 1930s, the company had financial difficulties, resulting in them merging with Franco-film Aubert. • In 1975, entrepreneur Nicolas Seydoux bought the company. • The subsidiary company, Gaumont buena vista joined with Walt Disney productions to make some films. • The company is based in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. • Gaumont is the oldest and on going film company in the world. • Gaumont produced films such as “Les Lyonnais” and “Judex”. • Pathé: • Founded by the Pathé brothers in 1896. • By 1909, they had expanded by having over 200 theatres in France, and others worldwide. • Pathé productions distributed films such as “127 hours”, “Chicken run” and “Be kind, rewind”.