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Hunger and Appetite

Hunger and Appetite. SLO 2.6. Hunger. Hunger is the desire for food Hunger can be satisfied by the ingestion of a filling meal . Hunger. Hunger is regulated by the hypothalamic centers of the brain that respond to levels of nutrients in the blood

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Hunger and Appetite

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  1. Hunger and Appetite SLO 2.6

  2. Hunger • Hunger is the desire for foodHunger can be satisfied by the ingestion of a filling meal

  3. Hunger • Hunger is regulated by the hypothalamic centers of the brain that respond to levels of nutrients in the blood • When levels are low, the hypothalamus stimulates a sensation of hunger

  4. Hypothalamus

  5. Messages received by the hypothalamus reduce hunger as food is chewed and swallowed and fills the stomach

  6. Appetite • Appetite is different from hunger in that, even though it is a desire for food, it often has no relationship to the need for food.

  7. Appetite • Factors that can affect appetite can be: • Emotional state • Cultural influences • Habit • Past memories of food

  8. Food habits

  9. Appetite and Hormones • The hormone leptin is thought to help regulate constant body weight • Leptin is produced by adipocytes in adipose tissue (fat) • When fat is stored, the cells release more leptin • Centers in the hypothalamus respond to the hormone and decrease food intake

  10. Appetite and Hormones • It was thought that by giving obese people this hormone, it would help decrease food intake • However, it was discovered that obese people did not produce low levels of leptin rather, their hypothalamus did not respond to leptin

  11. Eating Disorders • Anorexia – a chronic loss of appetite • Can be caused by: • Physical and mental disorders • Emotional and social factors

  12. Eating Disorders • Anorexia nervosa – is a psychological disorder that predominantly afflicts young women • It is a desire to be excessively thin and those affected with this can starve themselves even to the point of death

  13. Anorexia

  14. Bulimia • Bulimia – also known as the binge-purge syndrome • People with this disorder will eat huge amounts of food and at one time and then induce vomiting or take large doses of laxatives to prevent absorption of food

  15. Bulimia

  16. Dangers of Eating Disorders • Women may cease menstruation • Loss of bone mass • Degeneration of the myocardium can lead to heart failure • Impaired mental function • Acid reflux from repeated vomiting can cause the erosion of the esophagus and destruction of tooth enamel

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