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News from the Digital Library. The Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard; the Open Archival Information System. Merrilee Proffitt e(X)literature / Digital Cultures Project April 2003. A Telling Example. Goals of the Digital Library . Collection Access Preservation.
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News from the Digital Library The Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard; the Open Archival Information System Merrilee Proffitt e(X)literature / Digital Cultures Project April 2003
Goals of the Digital Library • Collection • Access • Preservation
Unlike books (or papyrus) “bits …. don’t do well with benign neglect” Problems with digital preservation
Open Archival Information System Reference Model • Framework for understanding and applying concepts needed for long-term preservation of digital information • Model targeted to several categories of user • Already widely adopted as starting point in digital preservation efforts
OAIS Functional Entities SIP = Submission Information Package AIP = Archival Information Package DIP = Dissemination Information Package
Information Package Variants • Submission Information Package • Negotiated between Producer and OAIS • Sent to OAIS by a Producer • Archival Information Package • Information Package used for preservation • Includes complete set of Preservation Description Information for the Content Information • Dissemination Information Package • Includes part or all of one or more Archival Information Packages • Sent to a Consumer by the OAIS
Relevance of the OAIS • Offers common ground for discussion • Provides common terminology and concepts • Conceptual framework for building repository systems for digital content • Two components of Reference model • Functional model • Information model: model for packages of information
Reformatted to digital “Born digital” Simple Complex Digital (Library) Objects Digital Library Objects can be…
Structural metadata • Maps physical files (digital assets) to logical items (complex digital objects) • Scanned print material • A/V material • Multimedia presentations
Other Metadata • All types of digital objects have other (non-structural) metadata • descriptive • MARC, Dublin Core, etc. • administrative • rights • technical • format details • Standards exist or emerging for these
METS Scope • Supports • Structural metadata • complex reformatted or born digital objects • Metadata wrapper framework • descriptive, administrative, structural, etc. • structural required • others use namespaces to reference “extension schemas”
METS Scope • Data transfer syntax • between applications • between institutions • Driver for applications • page turner • audio player • multimedia presentation
METS History • Making Of America II project 1997-2000 • METS “born” February 2001 • METS 1.0 July 2002 • Current version is METS 1.2
METS metadata “buckets” METS Header optional optional optional optional Descriptive metadata Administrative metadata Behavioral metadata required optional File Inventory Structure map
METS and OAIS framework • Submission Information Package (SIP) • METS as transfer syntax • Dissemination Information Package (DIP) • METS as transfer syntax • METS as input to display applications • Archival Information Package (AIP) • METS stored internally in an archive
METS Initiative • Establishment of an editorial board with an editor-in-chief • Complete work on schema, ensure support for other digital library work • Encourage field testing of METS and gather feedback • Encourage tools development • Identification of “best practice” extension schemas
Current users • Current users include • UC Berkeley • California Digital Library • NYU (digital archive) • Florida Center for Library Automation • Oxford University • British Library • National Library of New Zealand • Bibliothèque nationale de France • Harvard • Library of Congress • EU MetaE project • Michigan State • University of Virginia • MIT • RLG • more daily...
METS summary • Closely related to OAIS information package • Large and growing community of digital library implementers • Very flexible • Flexibility means that profiles are necessary for interoperability
METS homepage: http://www.loc.gov/standards/METS OAIS Reference Model: http://www.ccsds.org/RP9905/ RP9905.html Merrilee Proffitt mgp@notes.rlg.org For More Information…