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In Chapter 1, Section 2 of "Humans Try to Control Nature", we explore the transformative Neolithic Revolution that led to the shift from hunter-gatherer societies to agricultural communities. Key concepts include the role of nomads, hunter-gatherers, the advent of slash-and-burn farming, and the domestication of animals such as goats and pigs. We delve into the early advancements in art and technology, highlighting significant locations like Jarmo and Catal Huyuk. This section illustrates how agriculture changed human interaction with nature and laid the foundations for prosperous villages.
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Humans Try to Control Nature Chapter 1 section 2
Key Terms Nomad Hunter-gatherer Neolithic revolution Slash-and-burn farming Domestication
Early Advances in Art and Technology • Nomads- people who move from place to place • Hunter-gathers- hunted animals and collected plant foods • Made spears • Digging sticks • Stone, bone, wood for tools
Beginnings of Agriculture • Neolithic revolution-the discovery of agriculture • Shift from food gathering to food production • Rising worldwide temperatures • Rich supply of grain • farming • Steady source of food
Beginnings of Agriculture • Slash-and-burn farming- cut down trees and burn them to clear fields • Ashes fertilize the fields • Plant crops for one or two years • Move to different field • Trees and grass grow repeat
Domestication of Animals • Domestication- taming of animals • Horses, dogs, goats, pigs • Use to drive animals off a ravine • Jarmo- birthplace of agriculture • Zagros mountains “Iraq” • Wheat, barley, goats, pigs, sheep, horses
Villages Grow and Prosper • Africa • Nile river • Grow wheat, barley • China • Huang River • Millet, wild rice • Mexico and Central America • Corn, beans squash
Catal Huyuk 8000 years ago 5,000 to 6,000 people 1000 dwellings Raised sheep and cattle Highly skilled workers Flood, fire, drought, disease could destroy a village
