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ICT in Healthcare

ICT in Healthcare. Expert Systems. Expert Systems. An ICT system that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to make decisions based on data supplied in the form of answers to questions. AI. An AI is a reasoning process performed by computers to: Draw deductions Produce new information

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ICT in Healthcare

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  1. ICT in Healthcare Expert Systems

  2. Expert Systems • An ICT system that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to make decisions based on data supplied in the form of answers to questions

  3. AI • An AI is a reasoning process performed by computers to: • Draw deductions • Produce new information • Modify rules or write new rules

  4. Neural Network • A NN is a biological system that is used by the brain for learning new things • It allows ICT systems to learn by example like humans

  5. An Expert System Knowledge Base • A huge organised set of knowledge about a particular subject. It contains facts and judgemental knowledge which gives it the ability to guess like a human • A set of rules on which to make decisions (using the if-then structure). The Inference engine does reasoning by manipulating the knowledge base • The user interface presents questions and information to the operator and also receives answers from the operator Inference Engine User Interface

  6. How to expert systems work • An operator interacts with the UI and answers a series of questions. • Each question gets passed to the inference engine which makes a decision depending on the reply. • The inference engine looks in the knowledge base in order to find the most relevant question/answer • It is then presented to the UI.

  7. How to make an Expert System • Build the system from scratch using a software language suited to your task • Program using PROLOG or ASPRIN • Use a piece of development software called an expert system shell • The shell contains a inference engine and user interface, but requires an expert to create a knowledge base • This can be done with little programming skill, but knowledge of an expert system is needed

  8. MYCIN – Medicine expert system • Questions the user on symptoms (from a Knowledge base of 500 rules) • Will ask for certain tests if needed • After the symptoms it will advise on the best medication • Can also provide alternative medication with expected success rate

  9. Advantages/disadvantages of an Expert System

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