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Aftermath of WW2

Aftermath of WW2. Roots of the Cold War. Post-WW2 Realities. Devastation Europe, Japan, China, USSR destroyed Refugees, orphans, homeless, hunger, sick Holocaust Nazi inhumanity >> Nuremberg Trials “ Crimes Against Humanity ” + “ War Crimes ” Occupation

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Aftermath of WW2

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  1. Aftermath of WW2 Roots of the Cold War

  2. Post-WW2 Realities • Devastation • Europe, Japan, China, USSR destroyed • Refugees, orphans, homeless, hunger, sick • Holocaust • Nazi inhumanity >> Nuremberg Trials • “Crimes Against Humanity” + “War Crimes” • Occupation • USSR occupies Eastern part of Europe • US occupies Japan • US-GB-F occupy Western Germany + Austria

  3. Occupation Zones

  4. United Nations (UN) • 4/45 created in SF >> NYC • UN Charter sets up • Purpose: • Maintain peace & collective security • Promote co-operation • Protect human rights • Provide global assistance

  5. USA-USSR Breakup: Why? • US & USSR emerge as “superpowers” • US A-bomb ’45 >> USSR A-bomb ‘49 • Different experiences = Mistrust: • US unharmed + late counterattack in West + $$ • USSR destroyed + high death rate + no $$ • Different goals: • US: Promote democracy, Free trade • Strong Germany as ally • USSR: Promote communism, buffer zone, status • Weak Germany, neutral

  6. USSR > initiates communist revolt in Greece/Turkey USSR remains in Eastern Europe with no Free Elections as promised, strips G of resources Berlin Blockade ’48, cuts off Berlin NATO formed ‘49 Truman Doctrine = US to “contain” communism > G/T aid W. Germany created + Marshall Plan = US aid to rebuild Europe, US biz ↑↑ $$ Berlin Airlift ’48-’49 = Operation Vittles Warsaw Pact ‘55 1940s Tensions >> Responses

  7. Berlin Blockade >> Berlin Airlift

  8. NATO ’49 vs. Warsaw Pact ‘55

  9. The Result? • Cold War • High tension between US – USSR 1945 - 1992 • Global alignment & division • Blocs: Economic & Political alliances • Non-Aligned nations: India • No direct US – USSR war but… • Indirect War thru “proxy”: • China, Korea, Vietnam, Middle East, Africa, Central America • Indirect War thru “propaganda” • Film, Books, TV, Radio, Sports (Olympics) • Indirect War thru espionage • CIA vs. KGB, “intelligence gathering”

  10. A World Divided in Late 20th C. China turns Communist in 1949 under Mao Zedong

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