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Scalable Multimedia Servers

Scalable Multimedia Servers. Walid G. Aref Research Scientist Panasonic Information and Networking Technologies Laboratory (PINTL) Princeton, New Jersey Starting Fall ‘99: Associate Professor Department of Computer Sciences Purdue University. Characteristics of Multimedia Data.

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Scalable Multimedia Servers

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  1. Scalable Multimedia Servers Walid G. ArefResearch ScientistPanasonic Information and Networking Technologies Laboratory (PINTL) Princeton, New Jersey Starting Fall ‘99: Associate ProfessorDepartment of Computer SciencesPurdue University

  2. Characteristics of Multimedia Data • Large number of objects • Large object sizes • Very high dimensionality • Retrieval by content • similar by not exactly the same • Real-time constraints • Spatial and temporal dependencies • e.g., as in video data

  3. Target Features of a Multimedia Server • Support for a variety of multimedia types and formats • Real-time guarantees • Scalable • Reliable

  4. Client/Server Multimedia System • Centralized server • Uses the serverhost to perform allof file systemfunctions • Storage elementsbehind the server • Server becomesbottleneck withincreasing users Server High Speed Network

  5. Scalability of a Multimedia Server • Scale up with increasing user pool • Should not involve centralized entity • Distribute work among participating entities • Provide real-timeliness

  6. Autonomous Disk Autonomous Disk Disks Attached to Network Server High Speed Network High Speed Network

  7. Architecture for Distributed Multimedia Server Autonomous Disks 1 2 3 4 5 N Configuration Manager High Speed Network User Setup

  8. Storage Architecture of Autonomous Disk • Network-Attached Storage Device • NASD Processor Memory Controller Network Interface Card

  9. Functionality of a NASD • Light-weightprocessingand scheduling • Disk request scheduling • Network transmission • Access security check • Protocol processing

  10. Volume Organization Autonomous attribute disk • Volume with non-intersecting and homogeneous disks A D D A Autonomous data disk • Volume with non-intersecting and non-homogeneous disks D A D D D D D • Volume with intersecting and homogeneous/non-homogeneous disks A D D D D D D D A Higher capacity higher bandwidth disk

  11. Design Issues • Multimedia data striping • Volume management • Free list management • Concurrency control issues • Directory management • Access Security issues

  12. Scheduling of NASD Devices • Resources with conflicting requirements • Disk Scheduling • Network Scheduling • User Requests with Real-time Deadlines • User Priorities • Multi-dimensional scheduling problem

  13. Reliability • Storage Level Fault Tolerance • Hardware RAID • Software mirroring • Network Level Fault Tolerance • Redundant network and interfaces

  14. Processor Memory Network and Disk Scheduler Network Interface Card Storage Real-Timeliness • Admission control • Bandwidth Enforcer Application API Assurance of real-timeliness DFS kernel Admission Controller Bandwidth Enforcer Network Client Host Autonomous Disk

  15. Multimedia Traffic Characterization • Video data • variable-bit rate (VBR) • Self-similarity • Long-range dependency • Effect of data striping • More appropriate bandwidth enforcement algorithms

  16. Data Mining in Multimedia Databases • Large amounts of multimedia data • surveillance applications (video data) • remote sensing • patient monitoring (video & time sequence data) • Huge amounts of data • Hard for human to make use of it • Target: Automatically detect regular/irregular patterns/sequences • Needs large-scale multimedia infrastructure

  17. Courses in Multimedia Databases • Fall ‘99: CS690D - Advanced Topics in Multimedia Databases • Design and prototyping of serverless distributed multimedia systems • Scheduling in network-attached storage devices • Data mining in video databases • Retrieval by content and multimedia indexing

  18. Courses in Multimedia Databases • Spring ‘2000: CS541 - Advanced Database Systems • Disk scheduling with real-time contraints • Incremental and online data mining algorithms • Generalized indexes (GiST) and their applications in multimedia databases • Retrieval by content and multimedia indexing

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