CITRIS

1. CITRIS Center For Information Technology Research In The Interest Of Society James Demmel EECS and Mathematics Depts. University of California at Berkeley demmel@cs.berkeley.edu

2. Center For Information Technology Research In The Interest Of Society “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful committed citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” –Margaret Mead • Major new initiative within the College of Engineering and on the Berkeley Campus • Joint with UC Santa Cruz, UC Davis, UC Merced • Over 90 faculty from 21 departments • Many industrial partners • CITRIS will focus on IT solutions to tough, quality-of-life related problems

3. Core Technologies Applications Societal-Scale Information Systems (SIS) • Transportation Systems • Environmental Monitoring • & Natural Disaster Mitigation • Distributed education • Distributed biomonitoring The CITRIS Model • Distributed Info Systems • Micro sensors/actuators • Human-Comp Interaction • Prototype Deployment • Quality-of-Life Emphasis • Initially Leverage Existing • Expertise on campuses Foundations • Security, Policy • Probabilistic Systems • Formal Techniques • Data management • Simulation Fundamental Underlying Science

4. CITRIS Initial Research Focus • Transportation Systems • By the use of sensors and advanced networking technology we can improve the efficiency and utility of California highways while reducing pollution levels • Improve carpooling efficiency using advanced scheduling • Improve freeway utilization by managing traffic flows • Environmental Monitoring & Natural Disaster Mitigation • Smart Buildings • Provide efficient, personalized response in the face of earthquake, fire, flood • Must function at maximum performance under very difficult circumstances • Air and water quality monitoring • Distributed Biomonitoring • Wristband biomonitors for chronic illness and the elderly • Monitored remotely 24x7x365 • Emergency response and potential remote drug delivery • Distributed Education • Smart Classrooms • We are proposing to build a life-long learning center that will be used to implement the first years of the Merced undergraduate CS program and then used for other internal, international, and industrial learning collaborations.

5. Massive Cluster Clusters Gigabit Ethernet “Server” Scalable, Reliable, Secure Services “Client” Information Appliances MEMS BioMonitoring eMerging Societal-Scale Systems From Nanoscopic to Terascale New System Architectures New Enabled Applications Diverse, Connected, Physical, Virtual, Fluid

6. Societal-Scale Information System (SIS) • A revolutionary, planetary-scale Information Utility, enabling advanced technologies to be exploited by broad communities of users. • An SIS learns how it is used and adapts its functions and interfaces to user demands and the context of their activities • It achieves this through the provision of ‘fluid technologies’ for plug-and-play component interoperation, introspection, dynamic adaptation, component self-aggregation and self-organization, and ‘extreme personalization.’ • Easily and naturally integrate devices, ranging from tiny sensors and actuators to hand-held information appliances, workstations, and building-sized cluster supercomputers—‘virtual computers’ • Connected by short-range, unreliable wireless networks as well as by very high-bandwidth, high-latency long-haul optical backbones. • Data and services must be secure, reliable, and high-performance, even if part of the system is overloaded, down, disconnected, under repair, or under attack

7. Ubiquitous devices require ubiquitous storage Consumers of data move, change access devices, work in many different physical places, etc. Needed properties: Strong Security Coherence Automatic replica management and optimization Simple and automatic recovery from disasters Utility model Confederations of (Mutually Suspicious) Utilities Canadian OceanStore Sprint AT&T Pac Bell IBM IBM Implementation & Deployment of anOceanic Data Information Utility(Professor John Kubiatowicz, et. al)

8. Smart DustMEMS-Scale Sensors/Actuators/Communicators • Create a dynamic, ad-hoc network of power-aware sensors • Explore system design issues • Provide a platform to test Dust components • Use off the shelf components initially

9. Micro Flying Insect • ONR MURI/ DARPA funded • Year 2 of 5 year project • Professors Dickinson, Fearing (PI), Liepmann, Majumdar, Pister, Sands, Sastry

10. Synthetic Insects(Smart Dust with Legs) Goal: Make silicon walk. • Autonomous • Articulated • Size ~ 1-10 mm • Speed ~ 1mm/s

11. CITRIS-Affiliated Research Activities • International Computer Science Institute,(5 faculty, 18 students) studies network protocols and applications and speech and language-based human-centered computing. • Millennium Project (15 faculty) is developing a powerful, networked computational test bed of nearly 1,000 computers across campus to enable interdisciplinary research. • Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center BSAC (14 faculty, 100 students) is a world-leading effort specializing in micro-electromechanical devices (MEMS), micro-fluidic devices, and “smart dust.” • Microfabrication Laboratory (71 faculty, 254 students) is a campus-wide resource offering sophisticated processes for fabricating micro-devices and micro-systems. • Gigascale Silicon Research Center (23 faculty, 60 students) addresses problems in designing and testing complex, single-chip embedded systems using deep sub-micron technology. • Berkeley Wireless Research Center (16 faculty, 114 students) is a consortium of companies and DARPA programs to support research in low-power wireless devices.

12. Applications-Related Current Activities • Partners for Advanced Transit and Highways, PATH, (20 faculty, 70 students), a collaboration between UC, Caltrans, other universities, and industry to develop technology to improve transportation in California. • Berkeley Seismological Laboratory (15 faculty, 14 students) operates, collects, and studies data from a regional seismological monitoring system, providing earthquake information to state and local governments. • Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, PEER ( 25 faculty, 15 students), a Berkeley-led NSF center, is a consortium of nine universities (including five UC campuses) working with industry and government to identify and reduce earthquake risks to safety and to the economy. • National Center of Excellence in Aviation Operations Research, NEXTOR (6 faculty, 12 students), a multi-campus center, models and analyzes complex airport and air traffic systems. • Human-Centered Systems: Adapting technology to people, not people to technology (faculty from EECS, Psychology, Sociology, Education, SIMS, ME, Business) • Bioengineering Research Center

13. PicoRadio Extending the Scope and … Pushing the Envelope Wireless node Offices Entrance Exhibits Cafe

14. Challeges to using sensor data in seismic modeling and disaster response • Position/motion/moisture/chemical/temperature/GPS sensors across civil infrastructure • Recent NRC report • Increase knowledge of safety of buildings, bridges, … • Improve emergency response • Forecast earthquake impacts • What to do with all the data? • Vast, noisy, partial • Use it to drive models of structures, tranport systems,… • Where do we get the models?

15. Scanning in the Golden Gate Bridge • Use existing 3D laser scanner • St. Peter’s Basilica (“Fiat Lux” at SIGGRAPH) • Taj Mahal, Michaelangelo’s David, Sather Tower • Problems • Registering multiple images • Noise • Meshing • Feature extraction (materials) • Hard to reach places

16. X-ray scans of reinforced concrete

17. SUGAR - A tool for MEMS Cad • Descendant of Spice • Goal: Fast and just accurate enough for design • Full FE analysis too slow • Scope so far • 3D electromechanical simulation • steady state, modal, transient analyses • Widely used • 100 designers at UCB • Universities, govt labs, industry • www-bsac.berkeley.edu/~cfm • Web service

18. Challenges in MEMS Simulation • Better Mechanical models • Contact • Multiscale robustness • Reduced order modeling • Sensitivity analysis • Design Optimization • Scalability

19. Eigenmodes of a MEMS mirror

20. MEMS Resonator

21. A stepper motor we’d like to simulate:challenges of contact problems

22. Network Infrastructure Experimental Testbeds Soda Hall IBM WorkPad Smart Dust Velo Nino LCD Displays MC-16 Motorola Pagewriter 2000 CF788 Pager WLAN / Bluetooth Smart Classrooms Audio/Video Capture Rooms Pervasive Computing Lab CoLab H.323 GW GSM BTS Wearable Displays TCI @Home Adaptive Broadband LMDS Millennium Cluster CalRen/Internet2/NGI Millennium Cluster

23. Postdoc available contact demmel@cs.berkeley.edu