Parade of Elements

1. Parade of Elements Chem 187S Fall 2011

2. Noble Group • Ru • Rh • Pd • Os • Ir

3. Ruthenium

4. - discovered in 1844 by Karl KarlovichKlaus (a Russian chemist.)- named after the Latin wordRuthenia, which stands for the country of Russia. - normal phase is solid. - costs around $1286 per kilogram. - commonly used in electrical contacts, jewelry, solar energy technology and treatment for metastatic tumors or colon cancer,...

5. 45 Rhodium 102.91 A PP presentation by: OluwatimileyinAkinrinmade Adigun “Timi Adigun”

6. There is only 6.0 x 10-8 % in the universe, but only 7.0 x 10-8 %in the earth’s crust. • It was discovered in England in 1803 by William Hyde Wollaston. • The origin of the word rhodium comes from the Greek for rhodon meaning “rose”. • This transition metal is obtained as a by product of nickel production. • Its uses include (but are not limited to): agent for hardening platinum and palladium, coatings / plating, electrodes for aircraft spark plugs, jewelry, and oil of rhodium, etc. • Solid rhodium jewelry has never been seen: it would be REALLY EXPENSIVEto make and buy.

7. 76 Osmium190.23 Jessica Howes

8. The Facts: Smithson Tennant, 1803 Metal Osmium TetroxidePoisonous Gas Pens & Record Needles  Minimal Friction http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele076.html

9. Iridium # 77 By Bobby Sarkissian

10. Iridium • Discovered in England and France in 1803 by Smithson Tennant • Can be found in nature • Has a high melting (2466ᵒC) and boiling point (4428ᵒC) • Used in fountain pen tips, sparkplug electrodes, and compass bearings

11. Radioactive Group • Tc • Pm • Ra • U • Pu

12. Radium Ra Radioactive Group By Mat Pham

13. Atomic number- 88 • Atomic weight- 226.0254 • Discovered by Pierre and Marie Curie in 1898 • Used to produce neutron sources, luminous paints, and medical radioisotopes. • Also used to make watches, but was found highly radioactive.

14. PLUTONIUM Samantha McGhee

15. PLUTONIUM Atomic Number: 94 Symbol: Pu Atomic Weight: 244.0642 Discovery: G.T. Seaborg, J.W. Kennedy, E.M. McMillan, A.C. Wohl (1940, United States) Word Origin: Named for the planet Pluto.

16. Rare Earth Group • La • Ce • Nd • Eu • Tb

17. Adriana Herrera Lanthanum

18. La 57 • Atomic Weight: 138.91 • Density:6.15 g/cc • Discovered in Sweden (yr. 1839) • RARE EARTH METAL • Melting Point: 920 Celsius • Used to resolve individual atoms and in movie lighting

19. d

20. Discovered in Sweden by Jons Jakob Berzenlius and Wilhelm Hisinger, and independently in Germany by Martin Heinrich Klaproth, both in 1803 It is a silvery metal and is both malleable and ductile Cerium reacts so readily with oxygen that it can be set on fire simply by scratching the surface with a knife Cerium(III) oxide is used catalytic converter as a catalyst for the reduction of CO emissions in the exhaust gases from motor vehicles

21. Neodymium by Michael Martinez

22. Neodymium: Element 60 • History- • Discovered in 1885 by Carl Auer von Welsbach • Originally used for adding pigment to glass • Notable Properties and Modern uses- • Most magnetic element! • Used in electronics such as headphones, motors, and powerful magnets • Fun to play with • =

23. EUROPIUM YvanBouyou

24. ● Europium is a Moderately Hard Silvery Chemical Element. ● Symbol Eu and Atomic Number 63. ● Discovered In 1901 by French Chemist Eugene-Anatole Demarcay. ● Europium was Named After The European’s Continent. ● It Has The Second Lowest Melting Point And The Lowest Density of All Lanthanides. ● Europium is The Most Reactive Rare Earth Element. ● it is not Found In The Nature as Free Element. ● This Rare Earth Element has also been Identified in The Spectra of The Sun and Certain Stars. ● Europium compound are Widely Used In Phosphors for Cathode Ray TV Screens and in Compact Fluorescent Bulbs.

25. Terbium By: Jen Sullivan

26. Terbium Facts • Discovered in 1843 in Sweden • Electron Shell: [Xe}4f96s2 • None is found in Humans • Vital ingredient in magnetorestrictive alloys • Used in loudspeakers

27. Silicon Valley Group • Si • Ga • Ge • In • Sb

28. By: Joam Marmolejos Silicon (SIL-i-ken) Density: 2.3296 g / cm^3 Melting Point: 1687 K State at Room Temp: Solid Classification: Semi-metal Boiling Point: 3538 K

29. Silicon • Was established as an element in the 19thcentury • It took this long because almost all naturally occurring rocks and minerals contain it • Berzelius discovered how to create the new element • Through mixing molten potassium metal and the compound potassium silicon fluoride, he created silicon • It was named by Thomas Thompson • Based on the Latin word silex (flint) and the ending “on” from its close connection to carbon and boron • Metalloid • Has properties of metals and non-metals • The second most abundant element in the earth’s crust • Has been found in the sun and other stars • Compound Silicone • Mostly used for toys and cosmetic uses

30. Gallium Melts in your mouth AND in your hand! By: Bernard Heres

31. Facts about Gallium • Most exists in bauxite (aluminum ore) and sphalerite (Zinc ore) • Discovered by Lecoq de Boisbaudran • Theorized by Mendeleev – eka-aluminum • Drama over who discovered it first • Gallium and cousin elements replace Mercury • Practically non-toxic • Used for dinner pranks involving eating utensils • Used to make semiconductors and salts • Used to detect Neutrinos

32. 32 Ge rmanium 32 Ge

33. 32 Ge Silicon Valley rmanium • Discovered by Clemens Winkler • Is a semiconductor • Very rare and expensive • Opaque to visible light, transparent to infrared • Sold in Japan for medicinal purposes 4000 K 3106 K 3000 K 2000 K 1211.40 K 1000 K 0 K

34. INDIUM Element-49 By: Cristina Rodriguez

35. What About This??? • Atomic Number: 114.818 • Discovered in Germany-1863 • *Replaces mercury in thermometers/ flat screen TV’s* • examples: Spool of indium wire, Indium foil • Soft enough to mold to the shape of the glass • Commercial unit for trade is 1 kilogram bar

36. Element 51 Antimony Amanda Carey

37. What You Need To Know • Atomic symbol: Sb • Atomic weight: 121.760 amu • Discovered: 3000 BC • In “The Silicon Valley” between Tin and Tellurium • Uses: added to Lead for bullets and batteries, ancient Egyptian make up, and medical remedies. • It is thought Mozart died from taking too many antimony pills.

38. Toxic Group • As • Cd • Hg • Tl • Pb

39. Arsenic Ray McKenzie

40. Arsenic (cont.) *Poisonous, used by assassins in Middle Ages. *Found in rodenticides as well as insecticides. *Wood treated with CCA is highly dangerous. *Found in the semiconductor Gallium Arsenide. *Used in cell phones, computers and microwaves. *Naturally occurs in various red crystal structures. *Occurs naturally as ore in the Earth’s crust.

41. Mercury Eric Dube

42. Fun Facts! • Used in thermometers, fluorescent lamps, and batteries • Discovered in 1500 BC • Named after the planet Mercury • The only element liquid at room temperature • So dense that cannonballs and bricks can’t float through it • Can be absorbed through the skin and accumulate in organs • Extremely toxic, can kill if ingested!!

43. Thallium By: Mat Driscoll

44. About Thallium • - Discovered in 1891 in England • - Silvery appearance which tarnishes in air to a bluish-gray oxide • Is so soft and malleable it can be cut easily with a knife • Used mainly in electronics today as the compound Thallium Sulfide • Highly toxic, Thallium poisoning can result in death • Toxic Thallium compounds are colorless, odorless, and tasteless • Was used in rat poison until it was banned in 1972 - Has the same name as a popular cologne

45. Lead Joe Prioli

46. Lead Pb Carbon Group • A soft malleable, heavy metal • Used to make bullets, weights and radiation shields • Has the highest number of protons of all stable elements • It’s a neurotoxin that damages soft tissue, bones, the nervous system, and the brain

47. Parade of Elements Chem 187S Fall 2011 The End