Best English Grammar Notes for SSC Exam - Vocabulary

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3. Succour (noun) Meaning: assistance and support in times of hardship and distress. Synonyms: help, assistance Antonyms: hindrance, obstruction While the BJP­ led governments at the Centre and in Assam have often given the assurance that the extra burden of people is not solely the State’s, the RajendraAgrawal ­led Joint Parliamentary Committee’s report is categorical: “The Assam Government should help settle migrants especially in places which are not densely populated, thus, causing lesser impact on the demographic changes and providing succour to the indigenous Assamese people.”

4. Protracted (adjective) Meaning: lasting for a long time or longer than expected or usual. Synonyms: prolonged, extended Antonyms: short-lived But as Asia’s strongest power and challenger to the U.S., China will shed no tears if the U.S. reduces its military strength or calls it a day after 18 years of a protracted and indecisive war in Afghanistan.

5. Plunged (verb) Meaning: the act or process of going to a lower level. Synonyms: descent Antonyms: ascent, upturn Sensing the unrest in the State following the Supreme Court judgment, the BharatiyaJanata Party and the Congress plunged into the protests against the verdict, led by the Nair Service Society.

6. Tutelary (adjective) Meaning: serving as a protector, guardian Synonyms: advisory Antonyms: unproductive The Sabarimala temple had a humble beginning. Forest dwellers used to flock to the spot where their tutelary deity, Ayyanar, resided. The Malampantaram, Ullatar, Mannan and Narikkurava tribes in the forest used to visit the shrine, nestled deep inside the forest, during MakaraSankramana ( January­February).

7. Debilitating (verb) Meaning: (of a disease or condition) making someone very weak and infirm. Synonyms: enervating, enfeeble Antonyms: strengthen Smith advocated accessible education for the entire class of workers, which constitutes the majority of the population. In fact, he advocated compulsory education for them so that it offsets part of the debilitating effects from the division of labour. Smith also believed that education would empower the citizens to make wise decisions which contribute to the “safety of the government”.

8. Heuristic (adjective) Meaning: enabling a person to discover or learn something for themselves Synonyms: examining, searching Antonyms: disinterested, incurious With increasing specialisation, what one gets are experts who do not understand the connections between knowledge systems and ways of knowing. Instead of treating an approach to knowledge or a paradigm as simply a heuristic or a framework, they begin to regard it as fixed, offering specific solutions that cannot be argued against and carrying all truth.

9. Copious (adjective) Meaning: abundant in supply or quantity Synonyms: plentiful, profuse Antonyms: lacking The Yutu­2, the rover of the ongoing Change­ 4 mission, is programmed to explore the South Pole­ Aitken Basin. This vast impact region, 13 km deep and 2,500 km wide, has copious reserves of ice. The promise of water has persuaded international space scientists to peg the site as suitable for a permanent lunar outpost, which is on China’s radar.

10. Trampled (verb) Meaning: treat with contempt Synonyms: encroach, infringe Antonyms: cure, heal It may be a consideration or basis along with and in addition to social backwardness but it can never be the sole criterion.” He said the Bill trampled upon the rights of people in Tamil Nadu, which already had 69% reservation.

11. Misnomer (noun) Meaning: a wrong or inaccurate name or designation. Synonyms: misnaming, inapplicable title Antonyms: accurate name They gathered more than 2,000 assessments — and almost every single measurement indicated that the Mona Lisa gaze is not straight on but to the viewer’s right. “Thus, it is clear that the term “Mona Lisa effect” is nothing but a misnomer.

12. Vantage (adjective) Meaning: a place or position affording a good view of something. Synonyms: standpoint, perspective Antonyms: disapproval, disfavor China’s leadership role of the SCO and contacts with all parties (the U.S., the Taliban, the Afghan government, Pakistan, Russia and the five Central Asian states) could give it a vantage in crafting a regional solution on Afghanistan.

13. Impudence (noun) Meaning: rude and not showing respect Synonyms: impertinence, insolence Antonyms: respect Astonishingly, this change has been proposed despite the government’s abject failure to enact comprehensive legislation protecting our data and our privacy. Therefore, unless the RajyaSabha places a constraint on the government’s impudence, the consequences will prove devastating.

14. Subterfuge (noun) Meaning: deceit used in order to achieve one's goal. Synonyms: sophistry, trickery Antonyms: honesty, openness Yet, here, the Bill, which makes amendments not only to the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and Other Subsidies, Benefits and Services) Act, 2016, but also to the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885, and the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA), was introduced without any prior consultation, leading to a credible belief that the proposed changes are an act of subterfuge

15. Pursuant (adjective) Meaning: in accordance with (a law or a legal document or resolution) Synonyms: agreeable, following Antonyms: conflicting Originally, Section 57 of the Aadhaar Act allowed both the state and private entities to use the programme to establish an individual’s identity pursuant to a law or a contract.

16. Aforesaid (adjective) Meaning: denoting a thing or person previously mentioned Synonyms: aforementioned Antonyms: subsequent Justice A.K. Sikri, in his judgment for the majority, wrote: “Even if we presume that legislature did not intend so, the impact of the aforesaid features would be to enable commercial exploitation of an individual biometric and demographic information by the private entities.

17. Slapdash (adjective) Meaning: done too hurriedly and carelessly Synonyms: careless, disorganized Antonyms: established, fixed Allowing private corporations to access and commercially exploit the Aadhaar architecture, as we have already seen, comes with disastrous consequences — the evidence of reports of fraud emanating out of seeding Aadhaar with different services is ever ­growing.Hence, the amendments not only fly in the face of the Supreme Court’s verdict but are also wholly remiss in attending to the dangers both of slapdash data protection and of corruption and scamming.

18. Rattled (verb) Meaning: make (someone) nervous, worried, or irritated Synonyms: unnerve, perturb Antonyms: quiet, silence Rattled by the erosion in upper caste votes in the recent Assembly elections in Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh, the BJP government has attempted to recover this traditional vote base through an unapologetic political manoeuvre.

19. Intriguing (adjective) Meaning: holding the attention or provoking interest Synonyms: absorbing, consuming Antonyms: operose, tiresome However, it is intriguing that the court passed a consequential order to the selection committee to meet within a week and consider Mr. Verma’s powers and authority. Until then, he has been restrained from making any policy decisions.

20. Oblique (adjective) Meaning: not expressed or done in a direct way Synonyms: inexplicit Antonyms: direct, explicit The court has been mindful of the fact that an officer could be stripped of his power without being formally transferred to another position, thereby achieving the objective of interfering with the agency’s functioning by oblique means.

21. Insatiable (adjective) Meaning: impossible to satisfy Synonyms: ravenous Antonyms: pleased, fulfilled India presents a classic case of proto-­politics. Nothing that is institutional has an appeal and the insatiable clamour for quick surprises is a constant. While on Sunday at a BharatiyaJanata Party (BJP) event as part of its Dalit outreach, a world record was attempted by cooking 5,000 kg of ‘khichdi’, on Monday the Central government announced 10% reservation for ‘economic backwards’ to reach out to upper castes.

22. Tantamount (adjective) Meaning: equivalent in seriousness to Synonyms: commensurate Antonyms: different At a time when a deep institutional response is warranted, going for the easy and lazy measure of earmarking reservation amounts to policy escapism. The trend of making public policies and institutional response subservient to electoral exigencies as a norm is tantamount to treating India as a proto-­state.

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24. Root Word:Ego - I/ SelfCentrum- centre Egocentric (adjective): One who is excessively fixated on his own desire Synonyms: narcissistic Antonyms: sacrificing Sounds like: endocentric Rhymes with: exocentric Similar to: individualist Closer to: immodest Jane is egocentric, she believes that she is the most intelligent girl.

25. Root Word:Ego - I/ SelfMania - madness Egomaniac (noun)- obsessively wrapped up in oneself Synonyms: self- aggrandizer Antonyms: philanthropist Sounds like: brainiac Rhymes with: dipsomaniac Similar to: megalomaniac Closer to: churl The egomaniac could never accept that his worker has better idea than him.

26. Root Word:Alter- Other Alternate (adjective) - skip one Synonyms: substitute Antonyms: necessary Related to: replacement Rhymes with:furcate Similar to: surrogate Closer to: interim The classes in this institute is on alternate days.

27. Root Word:Alter- other Alteration(noun) - a change; the act or process of altering Synonyms: change Antonyms: preservation Related to: variation, amendment Rhymes with: nation, station Similar to: modification Closer to: adjustment My wedding dress is too loose, it needs an alteration.

28. Root Word:Alter - other Altercation (noun) - a noisy argument Synonyms: quarrel Antonyms: agreement, calm, harmony Related to: disagreement, contention Rhymes with: carnation Similar to: squabble Closer to: disputation Someone called police when there was altercation in the mall.

29. Root Word Alter –otherEgo - I/ self Alter ego (noun) - one’s other self Synonyms: doppelganger Antonyms: opponent, rival Related to: companion Rhymes with: serpigo Similar to: evil twin Closer to: counterpart Her alter ego would be a flirty girl.

30. Root Word:Dexter / droit - right hand Dexterous (adjective): Skilfull Synonyms: nimble Antonyms: Stupid, unskilled Related to: agile Rhymes with: feverous Similar to: proficient, adroitness Closer to: experienced When dexterous singer arrived, the crowd cheered very loudly.

31. Root Word:Dexter/Adroit- right handAmbi- both Ambidextrous (adjective)- capable of using both hand with equal skill Synonyms: equipoised Antonyms: clumsy Related to: both hands Rhymes with: generous Since he was ambidextrous , he used to take half of the time to do a work than other person.

32. Root Word:Sinister- left hand Sinister (adjective) - evil, threatening Synonyms: menacing Antonyms: gauche Related to: threatening Rhymes with: minister Similar to: frightening Closer to: ominous The young girl has sinister motive for marrying elderly millionaire.

33. Root Word:Anthropos- people, mankind Anthropology (noun) - study of human development Synonyms: custom Antonyms: cryptozoology Related to: demography Rhymes with: biology Similar to: tradition Closer to: folklore Radha has studied anthropology, so she examine human skeleton to see man,s physical changes over the years.

34. Root Word:Mono- one, bi-two, poly- multipleGamos- marriage Polygamy (noun) - multiple marriage Synonyms: polyandry Antonyms: monogamy Related to: bigamy Rhymes with: monogamy, bigamy Similar to: polygyny In some countries polygamy is legal, so many men have number of brides.

35. Root Word:Gyne- woma Gynaecologist (noun) - women’s docter Synonyms: obstetrician Antonyms: generalist Related to: accoucheuse Rhymes with: psychologist If you have symptoms of PCOD, you should consult a gynaecologist.