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Understanding Earth's Orbital Eccentricity and Its Effects

This educational overview determines the eccentricity of Earth's orbit around the Sun, emphasizing its elliptical nature. Eccentricity quantifies how round or flat an ellipse is, with Earth's value being approximately 0.017, indicating it is nearly circular. The Earth is closest to the Sun on January 3 and farthest on July 4, impacting the Sun's size appearance and orbital speed. Key findings include variations in kinetic and potential energy, providing insights into the dynamics of Earth's revolution and its effects on seasonal changes.

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Understanding Earth's Orbital Eccentricity and Its Effects

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Presentation Transcript

  1. December 6, 2011

  2. Objective Determine the eccentricity of orbits Agenda Sun Path Lab Part A Eccentricity notes Ellipse Lab

  3. ECCENTRICITY

  4. REVOLUTION OF THE EARTH • Earth's orbit around the sun is a closed curve called an ellipse.

  5. Eccentricity • A number that shows how round or flat an ellipse is. • A perfect circle = 0 • A straight line = 1

  6. d= distance between foci L= length along horizontal axis Eccentricity is d divided by L. d/L

  7. VARYING DISTANCES OF THE EARTHFROM THE SUN • We are closest to the sun on January 3 and furthest away on July 4 due to the elliptical shape of our orbit.

  8. Eccentricity of Earth • .017 • it is nearly a perfect circle. • The sun's apparent diameter will look largest on January 3 and smallest on July 4.

  9. ORBITAL SPEED • January 3rd: Highest orbital speed, highest kinetic energy, lowest potential energy • July 4th: Lowest orbital speed, lowest kinetic energy, highest potential energy

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