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Safavid

Safavid. Founder : Shah Ismail. Took control of Iran/Iraq Called himself shah (king) Shiite Muslim Sent representatives to convert members of the Ottoman Empire. Took Baghdad Massacre of Sunni Muslims. Shah Abbas 1588-1629. Golden Age of Safavids Overthrew father then imprisoned him

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Safavid

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  1. Safavid • Founder: Shah Ismail. • Took control of Iran/Iraq • Called himself shah (king) • Shiite Muslim • Sent representatives to convert members of the Ottoman Empire. • Took Baghdad • Massacre of Sunni Muslims

  2. Shah Abbas1588-1629 • Golden Age of Safavids • Overthrew father then imprisoned him • Then killed co-conspirator • Allied w/Europe (regain lost land) • Treaty 1612 • Safavids give up territorial gains • Azerbaijan returned to the Safavids.

  3. Decline • High taxes • continuous warfare with Ottomans • Afghanistan = conquered Safavids 1722

  4. Know the Map • Ottomans in Mediterranean • Safavids in Middle East • Mughuls in India • Religious orthodoxy = pressure to conform to traditional religious beliefs • Shah Abbas death = religious orthodoxy increased • Women • no more freedom • Life of seclusion • Wear veil

  5. Mughals • Founder: Babur • United Hindu and Muslim Kingdoms in India • Mother = descendant of Geghis Khan • Armies were smaller BUT had: • Better weapons • Artillery • Efficient use of resources

  6. Mogul Empire

  7. Akbar • Akbar = Great was the grandson of Babur’ • Controlled most of India with: • Artillery • Negotiation • Known for: • Humane character of his rule • Religious tolerance • Married Hindu princess • Zamindars = • Low ranking Hindus • Paid by keeping part of taxes • Part of the toleration of government administration

  8. Art • The “Akbar style” included: • Combined Persian and Indian influences • Humans in action • Imitated European art forms • Perspective • Lifelike portraits • Commissioned artists from Persia and Europe to teach Indians • The Taj Mahal = best example of Mogul architecture.

  9. Women • Mogul tribal society – warriors and advisors in political matters. • They could own land and do business. • Had restrictions of Islamic law • i.e. isolation of women was practiced in upper class Hindu families. • A lot of Hindu practices went unchanged by Mogul rule

  10. Decline • British = major influence • Sir Robert Clive = representative of British East India Company • Took Bengal • B.E.I.C. took control of Indian trade • Taxed lands around Calcutta • The Indians practiced guerilla warfare against the British. • The British moved inland. • Trade brought money to the British.

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