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Kevin Jennings Assistant Deputy Secretary Director, Office of Safe and Drug-Free Schools

U.S. Department of Education Federal Education Priorities and Creating Safe Schools. National Association of Pupil Services Administrators October 25, 2010 Baltimore, MD. Kevin Jennings Assistant Deputy Secretary Director, Office of Safe and Drug-Free Schools.

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Kevin Jennings Assistant Deputy Secretary Director, Office of Safe and Drug-Free Schools

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  1. U.S. Department of EducationFederal Education Priorities and Creating Safe Schools National Association of Pupil Services AdministratorsOctober 25, 2010Baltimore, MD Kevin JenningsAssistant Deputy Secretary Director, Office of Safe and Drug-Free Schools

  2. President Obama: “Produce a higher percentage of college graduates than any other country in the world by the end of the next decade.” What’s the goal at ED?

  3. Why is this Important? Know Your History

  4. 19th Century: First free public school system in the world20th Century: GI Bill: Biggest Investment in Higher Ed in HistoryEffects:Created the most educated, knowledgeable citizenry that the world had ever seen. Reasons for America’s Rise to Power

  5. Sources: The College Board, Education Pays 2010, Figure 1.1; U.S. Census Bureau, 2009; Internal Revenue Service, 2008; Davis et al., 2009; calculations by the authors

  6. More Education, Longer Life Source: National Longitudinal Mortality Study, 1988-1998

  7. The US is Falling Behind in HS Graduation RatesApproximate percentage of persons with high school or equivalent qualifications in the age group 25-64 1 13 27 1 Source: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Education at a Glance 2008 • Year of reference 2004. • Including some ISCED 3C short programs • Year of reference 2003.

  8. High School Graduation Rates among OECD nations, 2007 Note: 1995 graduation rates are calculated on a gross basis whereas 2007 are calculated as net graduation rates (for countries with available data). 1. Year of reference 2006. Countries are ranked in descending order of the upper secondary graduation rates in 2007. Source: Education at a Glance 2009: OECD Indicators. Table A2.2. (www.oecd.org/edu/eag2009).  

  9. U.S. : Higher Ed Leader in the Sixties, the Laggard Today Percent of Adults with an Associate Degree or Higher by Age Group - U.S. & Leading OECD Countries Source: OECD, Education at a Glance 2008

  10. Success? It’s a Basic Equation (Safe Schools)(Healthy Students)=Academic Success

  11. It’s simple. Students can’t learn if they don’t feel safe.Period. Where does the Office of Safe & Drug Free Schools fit in?

  12. Many Students Experience BullyingPercentage of students ages 12-18 who reported being bullied at school and being cyber-bullied anywhere during the school year, by sex: 2007 Source: Indicators of Crime and School Safety, 2008

  13. Rivers, I., Poteat, V.P., Noret, N., Ashurt, N. (2009). Observing Bullying at School: The Mental Health Implication of Witness Status. School Psychology Quarterly. 24:4, 211-223.

  14. Some Groups are Singled Out for HarassmentQuestion: “At your school, how often are students bullied, called names or harassed for the following reasons?” Source: From Teasing to Torment: School Climate in America 2005

  15. Rivers, I., Poteat, V.P., Noret, N., Ashurt, N. (2009). Observing Bullying at School: The Mental Health Implication of Witness Status. School Psychology Quarterly. 24:4, 211-223.

  16. What Characterizes a Bully? • High rates of “externalizing behavior” • Having behaviors consistent with ADD, ADHD, Oppositional/Defiant Disorder, or Conduct Disorder • Being Highly Aggressive • Having negative perceptions of “others”: people unlike themselves Cook, C. R., Williams, K.R., Guerra, N.G., Kim, T.E.m & Sadek, S. (2010). Predictors of bullying and victimization in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic investigation. School Psychology Quarterly, 25(2), 65-83.

  17. What Characterizes a Victim? • Low Social Competence • Lack basic social skills • - Unable to easily make friends • Peer Rejection Cook, C. R., Williams, K.R., Guerra, N.G., Kim, T.E.m & Sadek, S. (2010). Predictors of bullying and victimization in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic investigation. School Psychology Quarterly, 25(2), 65-83.

  18. What Characterizes a Bully-Victim? • A bully-victim is someone who is both the perpetrator and the target of bullying behavior • Bully-victims show similarly low-levels of social competency as only-victims. • Bully-victims are more easily influenced by their peers than only-victims. Cook, C. R., Williams, K.R., Guerra, N.G., Kim, T.E.m & Sadek, S. (2010). Predictors of bullying and victimization in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic investigation. School Psychology Quarterly, 25(2), 65-83.

  19. Role of Bystanders in Instances of Bullying Witnesses Assistants Reinforcers Outsiders Defenders Rivers, I., Poteat, V.P., Noret, N., Ashurt, N. (2009). Observing Bullying at School: The Mental Health Implication of Witness Status. School Psychology Quarterly. 24:4, 211-223.

  20. Why the Problem Persists…and What We Can do

  21. Teachers and Students Make a Difference In classrooms where both students and teachers had strong attitudes and actions against bullying and aggression rates of aggression were 1/3 to ½ of classes where peers alone (and not teachers) had strong attitudes against aggression Henry, D., Guerra, N., Huessmann, R., Tolan, P., VanAcker, R., & Eron, L. (2000). Normative influences on aggression in urban elementary school classrooms. Amerian Journal of Community Psychology, 28(1), 59-81.

  22. Peer Intervention Works, but Isn’t Common • Of bullying episodes in which peers intervened, 57% of the interventions were effective (i.e., the bullying stopped within 10 seconds). • Peers intervene in only 11-19% of all bullying incidents. Source: Hawkins, Pepler and Craig 2001

  23. Petrosino, A., Guckenburg, S., DeVoe, J. and Hanson, T. (2010). What characteristics of bullying, bullying victims, and schools are associated with increased reporting of bullying to school officials? (Issues & Answers Report, REL 2010- No.092). Washington, DC: US Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, Regional Education Laboratory Northeast and Islands. Retrieved from http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/edlabs.

  24. Petrosino, A., Guckenburg, S., DeVoe, J. and Hanson, T. (2010). What characteristics of bullying, bullying victims, and schools are associated with increased reporting of bullying to school officials? (Issues & Answers Report, REL 2010- No.092). Washington, DC: US Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, Regional Education Laboratory Northeast and Islands. Retrieved from http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/edlabs.

  25. Petrosino, A., Guckenburg, S., DeVoe, J. and Hanson, T. (2010). What characteristics of bullying, bullying victims, and schools are associated with increased reporting of bullying to school officials? (Issues & Answers Report, REL 2010- No.092). Washington, DC: US Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, Regional Education Laboratory Northeast and Islands. Retrieved from http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/edlabs.

  26. EverySchoolShould…

  27. Every Teacher Should…

  28. Every Student Should… Source: HRSA Stop Bullying Now!

  29. Every Parent Should… Source: HRSA Stop Bullying Now!

  30. What’s the Washington Agenda?

  31. Four Assurances

  32. In a Truly Safe School Every Student Feels Like… • They Belong. • They are Valued. • They Feel Physically and Emotionally Safe.

  33. What Gets Measured is What Gets Done

  34. Safe and Supportive Schools (s3) Model:A New Approach to K-12 School Safety Draft s3 Model. Please do not circulate without consent from the Office of Safe and Drug-Free Schools. Please contact Kristen Harper (kristen.harper@ed.gov) with questions or concerns.

  35. Winners of Safe and Supportive Schools Grants Arizona California Iowa Louisiana Kansas Maryland Michigan South Carolina Tennessee West Virginia Wisconsin

  36. Carl Joseph Walker Hoover 1998-2009

  37. Pheobe Prince 10th Grade South Hadley, MA 1994 – January 2010 Hope Witsell 8th Grade Ruskin, FL 1996 – September 2009 Justin Aaberg 10th Grade Anoka, MN 1995 – July 2010 Asher Brown 8th Grade Harris, TX 1997 – September 2010 Christian Taylor 9th Grade Richmond, VA 1994 – May 2010 Carl Joseph Walker Hoover 6th Grade Springfield, MA 1998 – April 2009 Seth Walsh 8th Grade Tehachapi, CA 1997 – September 2010 Tyler Clementi College Freshman Ridgewood, NJ 1992 – September 2010

  38. Keep in Touch! Kevin.Jennings@Ed.gov 202-245-7830

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