1. Personal Digital Assistants Presented By: Becky Pratt Cathy Lamberton Taryn Emmett

2. Objectives • Describe trend (Personal Digital Assistants). • Describe and evaluate the hardware and software with this trend. • Describe and evaluate the information system used with this trend. • Assess the role and function of the nurse informaticist when working with this trend. • Examine related legal/ethical issues.

3. Description • Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) • A small handheld notebook computer • Used for: • Storing information Addresses Calendars Taking notes (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2009)

4. The PDA

5. Who uses PDA’s? • Nurses • Doctors • Physician Assistants • Students • Nurse Practitioners

6. Functions • Store • Access • Document • Organize information

7. Hardware • Refers to actual physical body of computer and components • Outer Protection • Outer Plastic/ Metal case • Embedded LCD screen • Central Processing Unit • “ the brain” • Random Access Memory ( RAM) • Temporary storage system • Main memory • Read-Only Memory (ROM) • Stores saved data • Remains intact when shut down (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2009)

8. Software • Productivity Software: • Used to Create : • Spreadsheets • Database • Word Processing • To-Do lists • Communication Software : • Used to: • Dialogue • Share • Network (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2009)

9. Type of Medical Software Available for PDA’s • Nurse’s Pocket Drug Guide • Quick access references • Content Included: • Drug Interactions • Laboratory Findings • Mechanisms of Action • Common Side Effects • Dosing Formulations • Just the Facts Emergency Medicine • Used as a clinical refresher • Provide information on: • Pain management • New treatments • Comprehensive review of : • Epidemiology • Pathophysiology • Medical diagnoses (netdoc.com,2008)

10. Personal Digital Assistance

11. Usability • Programs effective and efficient • Even the novice user • Ease of learning application • Ease of using application • Speed of task completion (Staggers & Nelson, 2008)

12. PDA • Integrates with a Clinical Information System. • Combines electronic and mechanical components • Enables exceptional performance • Uses Application software to : • Control • Monitor • Operate via web browser (3M,2008)

13. PDA (cont.) • Uses methods to integrate clinical information: • Provides decision support for evidence-based practice (Bakken,S., Currie,L., Lee,N., Roberts, W.D., Collins,S., & Cimno , J.,2008).

14. 3M Clinical Information System • International leader in clinical information management • The Purpose: • “Right information in the right place at the right time.” Nancy Larson, 3M Business Unit Director • Interfaces with legacy systems (3M, 2001)

15. 3M Summary The system works to integrate multiple systems in the health care field. Assists with documentation, reference and education to name a few.

16. Disadvantages • Cost • Can be lost , stolen, or broke • Security issues • Size • Time consuming • Easily breakable

17. Advantages • Small size: pocket friendly • Easily portable • Light weight • Battery operated • Wireless capability (Wi-Fi) • Backlighting for reading in low light areas (Carmack,C. & Freudenrich, C.,2008).

18. Ethical/ Legal Issue • Most concerning issue would be violation of HIPPA! • In the cases of lost or stolen PDAs private information could be accessed

19. Competencies • Learning proper use of the PDA • Maintain function with routine maintenance • Able to utilize multiple functions • Obtaining knowledge through advanced training.

20. Responsibility • Noting only necessary information • Maintain proper Hippa compliance • Keep in secure place when not in use • Assist in educating coworkers, creating continuity.

21. The PDA Summary The PDA can be a very useful and valuable tool in the healthcare profession. Beneficial in: • Patient Survey • Patient monitoring • Healthcare education • Quizzes, reference material, communication

22. References • 3M. (2001,April 25). 3M health information systems selects MckessonHBO's clinical reference systems for patient education content. Retrieved October 13, 2008, from GALE CENGAGE Learning database. • 3M. (2008). 3M US: Technologies. Retrieved October 13, 2008,from http://solutions9.3m.com/wps/portal/3M/en_US/3M-Technologies/ Home. • Bakken,S., Currie,L., Lee,N., Roberts, W.D., Collins,S., & Cimno , J. (June 2008).Integrating evidence into clinical information systems for nursing decision support. International journal of medical informatics. 77, 413-420. Retrieved on October 13,2008, from ScienceDirect database. • Carmack,C. & Freudenrich, C. (2008). How PDA's work . Retrieved September 29, 2008, from Howstuffworks Web site: http://communication.howstuffworks.com/pda3.htm. • McGonigle,D. & Mastrian, K. (2009). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge. Sudbury,MA: Jones and Bartlett . • netdoc.com.(2008). Medical software. Retrieved October 15, 2008, Web site: http://www.netdoc.com/medical-software/