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The Rise of the Puritans and the Colony Foundations (1620-1691)

Explore the emergence of the Puritans in New England and their impact on colonial development from 1620 to 1691. Beginning with the Mayflower landing at Plymouth Bay, the establishment of the Mayflower Compact, and the economic activities centered on fur, fish, and lumber, this overview highlights the significant migration and societal developments led by figures like John Winthrop. Discover the creation of colonies, including Massachusetts Bay and Rhode Island, and the cultural attributes that characterized these settlements, from religious freedom to interactions with Native Americans.

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The Rise of the Puritans and the Colony Foundations (1620-1691)

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  1. NEW ENGLAND& MIDDLE COLONIES

  2. HERE COME THE PURITANS!! • 1620: MAYFLOWER LANDS W/ “SEPERATISTS” ON BOARD MAYFLOWER - landed Plymouth Bay (overshot VA) • MAYFLOWER COMPACT - DOCUMENT LAYING OUT CRUDE GOVT. - WILL OF MAJORITY WILL RULE • ECONOMY: FURS/FISH/LUMBER • BY 1691 MERGED W/ SETTLERS TO THE NORTH AND BECAME PLYMOUTH COLONY

  3. MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY “By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty.” • 1629: NON-SEPRATISTS PURITANS GAINED ROYAL CHARTER • 1630S: GREAT MIGRATION - 70,000 ENGLISH MIGRATE TO MASS. & W. INDIES

  4. JOHN WINTHROP • RELIGIOUS LEADER & 1ST MASS. GOVERNOR SAYS: “WE SHALL BE A CITY UPON A HILL” IN OTHER WORDS A BEACON OF LIGHT FOR THE REST OF THE WORLD TO SEE… A GUIDING FORCE IN THE WORLD!!

  5. MASS. BAY COLONY • ECONOMY: FUR/FISH/SHIPBUILDING • SOCIETY: VOTING: ALL PURITAN MALES & FREEMEN COULD VOTE AND HOLD OFFICE NON-MEMBERS OF CHURCH & WOMEN COULD NOT VOTE

  6. **CLERGY OF THE CHURCH COULD NOT HOLD OFFICE!! EVERYONE (CHURCH MEMBERS/NON-MEMBERS) PAID TAXES TO SUPPORT THE CONGREATIONAL CHURCH

  7. TWO ROGUES… • ROGER WILLIAMS: SEPERATISTS WANTED: SEPERATION OF CHURCH & STATE $$ COMPENSATION FOR NATIVE AMERICANS FOR THEIR LAND HE LEFT AND FOUNDED…

  8. RHODE ISLAND “Hope.” • RELIGIOUS FREEDOM FOR ALL • NO TAXES TO SUPPORT A CHURCH • ALL MALES CAN VOTE • FRIENDLY TO NATIVE AMERICANS

  9. ANNE HUTCHINSON • HELD MEETINGS IN HER HOME REGARDING CHURCH DOCTRINE - WAS PUT ON TRIAL FOR HER ACTIONS - OUTWITTED HER ACCUSERS SHE WAS BANISHED FROM THE COLONY… LEFT FOR RHODE ISLAND & WOULD EVENTUALLY DIE IN N.Y.

  10. MAINE/NEW HAMPSHIRE“Dirigo.” / “Live Free or Die.” • THESE TWO COLONIES WILL EVENTUALLY BREAK OFF FROM THE BAY COLONY AND BECOME SOVEREIGN AND INDEPENDENT.

  11. NEW YORK “Excelsior . . . (Ever Upward).” • NEW AMSTERDAM - SETTLED BY DUTCH WHO WERE TRADING/COLOINAL POWER • DUTCH EAST INDIA CO: - EMPLOY HENRY HUDSON TO SEARCH FOR A PASSAGE THROUGH NEW WORLD - HE SETTLES NEW AMSTERDAM *DUTCH WEST INDIA CO: EXPLORE AFRICA AND BRAZIL

  12. DUTCH PURCHASE LAND FROM NATIVES FOR ABOUT ONE CENT PER ACRE…ABOUT 22,000 ACRES TODAY WE KNOW THIS AS… MANHATTAN

  13. WHY DO BRITISH WANT IT? • DUTCH COLONY DESIRED BY THE BRITISH TO TIE THEIR NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN COLONIES TOGETHER. • OPEN TO ALL SETTLERS AND POORLY DEFENDED. SO…

  14. DUKE OF YORK • ATTACKED AND SEIZED NEW AMSTERDAM FROM STUYVESANT • COLONY WAS SPLIT INTO NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY

  15. DUTCH INFLUENCE… HARLEM BROOKLYN HELLGATE SANTA/GOLF/BOWLING/ WAFFLES

  16. PENNSYLVANIA“Virtue, Liberty and Independence.” • William Penn • QUAKER, PEOPLE OPPOSED TO VIOLENCE OF ANY KIND AND RELIGIOUSLY TOLERANT. • GAINED “PENNS WOODLAND” BECAUSE OF DEBT OWED TO HIS FATHER • WANTED COLONY W/ • FREEDOM OF WORSHIP • NO TAX FOR CHURCHES • FRIENDLY TO NATIVE AMERICAN

  17. DELEWARE“Liberty and Independence.” • NAMED AFTER… LORD DE LA WARR • BECOMES FIRST COLONY TO BECOME A STATE

  18. COMMON CHARACTERISTICS OF MIDDLE COLONIES • GEOGRAPHY: - LAND FERTILE (NY/NJ EXPORT GRAIN) - INLAND RIVERS - LUMBER: USED FOR SHIPBUILDING & REBUILDING ENGLAND - DEEP HARBORS FOR SEAPORTS

  19. SOCIAL: - RELIGIOUS FREEDOM (RI/PA) - ETHNICALLY MIXED - LAND EASILY OBTAINED

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