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Exploring Echinoderms: Sea Stars, Urchins, and their Unique Water Vascular System

Dive into the fascinating world of echinoderms with this informative video clip from Blue Planet. Learn about Sea Stars, Sea Cucumbers, Brittle Stars, Sea Urchins, and Sand Dollars, all members of the Phylum Echinodermata. Discover their unique characteristics, including spiny skin, radial symmetry, and a specialized water vascular system that aids in movement and feeding. Witness how Sea Stars capture prey, the locomotion techniques of Brittle Stars, and the unique feeding mechanisms of Sea Urchins. Explore these marine marvels and their ecological roles.

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Exploring Echinoderms: Sea Stars, Urchins, and their Unique Water Vascular System

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Echinoderms

  2. Sea Star

  3. Sea Cucumber

  4. Brittle Star

  5. Urchin

  6. Sand Dollar (Keyhole Urchin)

  7. Video Clip from Blue Planet

  8. Phylum Echinodermata • “Spiny skin” • Radial symmetry – 5 parts or multiples of 5 • Water vascular system – hydraulic pressure system for movement

  9. Water Vascular System

  10. WVS Operation • Water enters through madreporite • Through tube system to ampullae of feet • Muscle contracts - water ejected onto foot – suction • Muscle relaxes – water back into ampullae – no suction

  11. Skeletons • Plates under skin (some fused) or spicules (endoskeleton) • Ca(CO3) – like mollusks • Projections

  12. Sea Stars • Flexible – plates of skeleton with muscles • Ambulacral groove with tube feet • Mouth and anus • Eyespots sense light

  13. Sea Star Feeding • Diet – mollusks, coral • Opens shells with tube feet • Extrudes stomach • Liquefies mollusk

  14. Sea Star Dissection Lab

  15. Brittle Stars • Distinct central disk • Tube feet have no suction – send food to mouth • Arms for locomotion • Mouths with teeth • No anus

  16. Regeneration • Need 1/5 of central disk and 1 arm to regenerate

  17. Sea Urchins • Test • Mouth and anus • Ball and socket spines • Spines and tube feet for movement

  18. Sea Urchins • Algae-eaters and scavengers • Mouth with teeth (Aristotle’s Lantern)

  19. Sand Dollars • Flat sea urchins • Short spines

  20. Sea Cucumber • Elongated body • Small skeletal fragments • Modified tube feet for tentacles on oral end

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