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Schema Theory Model of Reading

Schema Theory Model of Reading. EDC 565 Group Presentations Nicole Oliveira & Lisa-Marie Ricci. Principles of a Schema Model of Reading. Schema – organized knowledge of the world ( Anderson 1995 ). Vital for comprehension Looks for relationships in stories/text

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Schema Theory Model of Reading

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  1. Schema Theory Model of Reading EDC 565 Group Presentations Nicole Oliveira & Lisa-Marie Ricci

  2. Principles of a Schema Model of Reading • Schema – organized knowledge of the world (Anderson 1995). • Vital for comprehension • Looks for relationships in stories/text • Depends on persons: age, gender, religion, race, culture… • Orderly searches memory, makes inferences, summarizes, generates hypotheses of missing info when gap in memory • Reader comprehends a message when his/her schema gives a good explanation of things described in the message • Reader builds their own understanding of a text using prior knowledge to form a complete & consistent real world interpretation • More than one interpretation of a text is possible Reading is…comprehension using known schema or creating a new one to build an understanding of a text.

  3. Aligning Schema Models of Reading With Historical Eras • Schema best fits The Era of Information Processing (1976-1985) • Katian philosophy – distinction between sensible world and intelligible world. The building blocks of cognition. • Research influenced by philosophy of Immanuel Kant • Sensible World – world as perceived by senses • Intelligible World – World conceived by intellect or reason • Construct of prior knowledge • Associations made between readers existing knowledge and later reading performance, comprehension memory and strategic processing • Era investigated organization of knowledge in the mind

  4. Conditions that prompted Schema Models of Reading • An increase in research that focused on the structure & processes of the human mind - Characterized by an emphasis on research on knowledge & the construct of prior knowledge • US funding lead to the creation of research centers specifically for reading research • A movement away from the innate nature of reading and more of a focus on a basic research approach

  5. Leading Researchers of Schema Research in Reading • R. C. Anderson (1977-1984) - Comprehension • Immanuel Kant: philosophy influenced research • J. D. Bransford (1972): Illustrated schema in studies • R. G. Steffensen, C. Joag-Dev and R. C. Anderson(1978): Illustrated schema in cross-cultural experiment

  6. How does a Schema model inform research in reading? • Research Questions • Examine role of a reader’s schema in comprehension, learning and memory • Methodologies • Cross-cultural experiment and studies comparing how people of varying interoperate text • Instructional Recommendations -Assess & build prior knowledge during pre-reading activities -Help students assimilate new schema into existing knowledge base -Highlight the structure of the text material

  7. Visual of Schema Theory • TEXT -Presented to reader SCHEMA – orderly searching memory, making inferences, summarizing, generating hypotheses of missing info when gap in memory COMPREHENSION – “AH-HA” moment

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