1 / 45

Unit 2 Glossary

Unit 2 Glossary. What is Manifest Destiny?. Westward Expansion. Manifest Destiny - God’s will to expand from sea to sea. From Whom and How?. Motivations. California Gold Rush 1849 1,000s head west to get rich Mormons head to Utah Escape from religious persecution

alexa-stanton
Télécharger la présentation

Unit 2 Glossary

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Unit 2 Glossary • What is Manifest Destiny?

  2. Westward Expansion Manifest Destiny - God’s will to expand from sea to sea

  3. From Whom and How?

  4. Motivations • California Gold Rush 1849 • 1,000s head west to get rich • Mormons head to Utah • Escape from religious persecution • Land was very cheap and plentiful • Oregon Trail

  5. Transportation Transportation Systems: • Rivers & Roads • Canals & Railroads • Moved: • Travelers, Agricultural, Goods • Connected: • Farms, Towns, Cities Fueled the Civil War: • Created: • Local & Regional Economies, and Sectional Jealousies & Rivalries

  6. Native American Displacement President Andrew Jackson Policies: • Indian Removal Act • Provided Federal money to move all Indians to the Great Plains • Trail of Tears • Moving GA, SC, and NC Cherokee Indians to Oklahoma Territory

  7. Changing American Character • State Pride  National Pride  Nationalism Put state Put nation Put nation above nation above state above state and self

  8. Unit 2 EOC Practice It roughly doubled the size of the United States at the time and meant that the US could focus on westward expansion rather than strictly depending on trade with foreign nations. What was it? • The Gadsden Purchase • Land Ordinance of 1785 • The Louisiana Purchase • Oregon Territory

  9. Northwest Ordinance of 1787 • Divided Northwest Territory • IL, OH, IN, MI, WI • Set up guidelines for states entering the Union MI WI MI OH IL IN

  10. Missouri Compromise 1819 • Should MO be slave or free? • MO slave with Maine free • 36˚30 ˚ N • Any new state above: Free • Any new state below: Slave

  11. Monroe Doctrine • 1823 • President Monroe • Warning: • All outside powers stay out of Western Hemisphere • U.S. would stay outs of European issues

  12. Native American Relations • Assimilation- • Become a part of American culture/society • Revolt • Fight back against persecution • Black Hawk War • Aug. 1832 • Illinois • 200 Native Americans killed

  13. Native American Relations • Sand Creek Massacre • 1861 • 270 Cheyenne killed • Women and Children • Battle of Little Big Horn • 1876 • Sioux Warriors v. Gen. Custer • Crazy Horse • “Custer’s Last Stand” • 200 Americans killed

  14. Native American Relations • Wounded Knee • 1890 • Sitting Bull • “Ghost Dance” • Return buffalo and banish Whites • Sioux v. Americans • Gun fight • 14 killed (including Sitting Bull) • Mass fire • 150 men, women, children killed • Unarmed

  15. Native American Relations • Dawes Act • Break up reservations • Divide land among N.A. families • Become US citizens • Didn’t work • N.A. wanted to remain a tribe

  16. Trails West • Santa Fe Trail • 780 miles • Independence, Missouri to Santa Fe, New Mexico • Very dangerous • Attacks from Kiowa & Comanche • Wagons worked together to reach Santa Fe

  17. Trails West • Oregon Trail • Independence, Missouri to Portland, Oregon • Took months • Fever, Diarrhea, Cholera • 5,000 Settlers (8 years)

  18. Unit 2 EOC Practice What was distinctive about the Battle of Little Bighorn? • It was one of the few battles that ended with Native Americans surrendering and being relocated to reservations. • It was the battle in which the famed chief, Sitting Bull, was killed. • It marked the Native American peoples’ largest and last victory over US military force in the West. • It inspired passage of the Dawes Act.

  19. Unit 2 Review • Name one danger/obstacle faced on the Santa Fe Trail and the Oregon Trail. (2 total)

  20. Oregon • President Polk v. Great Britain • “Fifty-Four Forty or Fight” • Latitude 54”40’ • North Oregon line

  21. Texas Revolution • Americans went to Texas • Land Grants • Prevent border violations & N.A. attacks • Sold cheap land to Americans

  22. Texas Revolution • Revolt • Tariff on American imports • Texans wanted Salutary Neglect • Alamo – Pres. Santa Anna lead attack • 187 Americans died • Texans later defeated Mexican Army

  23. Texas Revolution • Republic of Texas • Separate Country • Annexation • America absorbed Texas • Issue- Slave or non-Slave?

  24. Mexican-American War • Pres. James K. Polk • Wanted more land (NM and CA) • Manifest Destiny • US and Mexico disagreed about the Texas/Mexico border • Congress declared war - 1847

  25. Mexican-American War • NM fell w/out a shot being fired • CA fell after a small group of Americans seized Sonoma (Republic of California) • Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo • US got NM, CA, TX (to Rio Grande), NV, UT, AZ, CO, WY • Gadsden Purchase – Small area south of Gila Rv.

  26. Unit 2 Page 194 & 216 • What is sectionalism? • What is the American System?

  27. Industrial Revolution • Social and economic reorganization • Machines replaced hand tools • Large-scale factory production • Started in G.B. • 18th c. • Eli Whitney – interchangeable parts • Exactly alike • Mass Production • Large quantities

  28. North v. South v. West • Sectionalism • Different regional characteristics

  29. North • Manufacturing Centers • Women worked and lived there • Family farms couldn’t afford to keep them • Textile Mills • No need for slaves • 1804 – Abolished • Finance • Banks/Professionals

  30. South • Antebellum (before the Civil War) • Eli Whitney- • Cotton Gin – “engine” • 1793 • Removed seeds from fibers • Plantations • VA, NC, SC, GA, AL, MS, LA, TN, AR, MO • Cash Crops • VERY dependent on slaves

  31. South • Fugitive Slave Law • 1850 • Runaway slaves would be returned

  32. West • Agriculture and Industry • John Deere • Steel Plow • Faster farming techniques • Windmill • Use wind to power machinery • Corn, Wheat, Cattle • Cowtowns • Herded cattle to railroads for transport • Cowboys (most were Mexican and Black)

  33. West • Immigrants • Came on railroads • Homestead Act • 160 acres free • Plant crops and improve land • Oklahoma Land Rush • “Sooner” you get there, the better • Claim land

  34. Unit 2 EOC Review Which of the following statements is an example of sectionalism? • The South relied heavily on slaves and the plantation system, while the North relied on immigrant labor factories. • The south’s decision to fire on Fort Sumter. • Lincoln’s decision to be a Republican. • Many African-Americans moved west to become cowboys, while others stayed in the South as farmers.

  35. American System • Unite Country • Transportation Systems • Transcontinental Railroad • East coast to West coast • Erie Canal • 363 miles • Connected Hudson River with Lake Erie

  36. American System • Protective tariff (buy American) • Goal: Don’t depend on other countries • South and West - Provide food and cotton • North - Produce goods • South and West - Buy goods • National Currency • Same EVERYWHERE!!!! • Trade easier • Help boost the economy by allowing people to buy American goods

  37. Minorities Women • Greater freedom • Flexible society Immigrants • Chinese – West Coast • Irish – East Coast • Railroad labor African Americans • Buffalo Soldiers - All black regiments

  38. Meanwhile: Missouri Compromise (1820) Monroe elected pres. (1820) J.Q. Adams elected pres. (1824) Jackson elected pres. (1828) Black Hawk War (1832) Reform • 2nd Great Awakening • Early 1800s • Social Responsibility • Revival • Social meeting • “Awaken” religious faith • African American Church • Sat in separate pews

  39. Meanwhile: Van Buren elected pres. (1836) Deere’s Steel Plow (1837) Trail of Tears (1838) Reform Women’s Rights (mid 1800s) • Cult of Domesticity • Home and family • Elizabeth Cady Stanton • Lucretia Mott • Sarah & Angelina Grimké • Sojourner Truth (free black) • Seneca Falls Convention (1848) • Women’s rights convention • 300 women and men • Temperance Movement • Prohibition of alcohol

  40. Unit 2 EOC Practice Leading up to the Civil War, the South had an economy based on agriculture and slave labor while the North had an economy based on • Industry and wage labor • Agriculture and corporations • Plantations and indentured labor • Much more trade with other nations

  41. Abolition • Call to outlaw slavery • William Lloyd Garrison • The Liberator • Emancipation • Freeing of slaves w/ no payment to slaveholders • David Walker (free black) • Fight for freedom • Frederick Douglass (free black 1838) • Inspirational Speaker

  42. Life Under Slavery • Mid – late 1800s Rural • Large plantations • Men, women, children • Dawn to dusk Urban • Skilled laborers • Artisans

  43. Life under Slavery Revolt (1831) • Nat Turner • Preacher • 80 followers • Attacked 4 plantations • Killed 60 (men, women, children) • Later captured by troops • Whites killed 200 blacks

  44. Resistance to Slavery • Personal Liberty Laws • 9 Northern States • Runaways couldn’t be imprisoned • Trials • Underground Railroad • “Conductors” hid fugitive slaves • Tunnels, hideaways to Canada • Food, clothing • Harriet Tubman • 19 Trips to South • 300 slaves

  45. Resistance to Slavery • Harriet Beecher Stowe • Uncle Tom’s Cabin • 1852 • Slavery = immoral

More Related