Vocabulary & Concept Cards: Cells, Cell Organelles, Photosynthesis, Biomes and Succession

1. Vocabulary & Concept Cards: Cells, Cell Organelles, Photosynthesis, Biomes and Succession • Sci.6.10B, Sci.6.10C, Sci.7.12B, Sci.7.8B, Sci.7.12C and • Sci.7.12D

2. Cell • The smallest unit of structure and function in an organism.

3. Organelle • Any tiny structure located inside of a cell which performs a function.

4. Nucleus • The control center of the cell. Contains chromosomes which have DNA.

5. Mitochondria • The powerhouse of the cell because it produces energy.

6. Chloroplast • An organelle located in plant and some bacterial cells only. The site of photosynthesis.

7. Cytoplasm • Gel-like fluid located inside cells.

8. Lysosome • Organelle inside of cell which contains chemicals that break down food and old cell parts.

9. Cell Wall • Organelle located in plant and some bacterial cells only. Gives those cell their structure.

10. Cell Membrane • Organelle that controls what enters and leaves the cell. Also hold organelles in place.

11. Vacuole • Organelle that stores things inside of cells.

12. Golgi body • Organelle that receives, packages & distributes materials from the endoplasmic reticulum.

13. Ribosomes • Produces proteins inside of the cell.

14. Endoplasmic reticulum • Carries material inside of the cell.

15. Tissue • A group of similar cells that perform a specific function in an organism.

16. Organ • A structure in the body that is composed of different kinds of tissue

17. Organ System • A group of organs that work together to perform a major function in the body.

18. Organism • A living thing

19. Population • All the members of one species living in a particular area

20. Cell Theory • A widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things.

21. Producer • An organism that can make its own food.

22. Consumer • An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms.

23. Decomposer • An organism that breaks down food form dead organisms and returns that energy into the soil and water.

24. Carnivore • An animal that eats only other animals.

25. Herbivore • An animal that eats only plants.

26. Scavenger • A carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms.

27. Food Chain • A series of events in which one organism eats another and obtains energy.

28. Food Web • Consists of many overlapping food chains in an ecosystems.

29. Energy Pyramid • A diagram that shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web.

30. Photosynthesis • The process through which some organisms obtain radiant energy and transform it into chemical energy.

31. Primary Succession • The series of changes that occur in an area where no ecosystem previously existed.

32. Secondary Succession • The series of changes that occur after a disturbance in an existing ecosystem.

33. Pioneer Species • The first species to populate an area.

34. All organisms are composed of ___________ • Cells

35. Draw a diagram of a plant cell

36. Draw a diagram of an animal cell.

37. Where do you find organelles? • Inside of cells.

38. What two organelles do you find only in plant cells? Identify each of their functions. • The cell wall gives a plant cell structure. The chloroplast is the site of photosynthesis.

39. Why is the vacuole in a plant cell larger than the vacuole in an animal cell? • The vacuole in a plant cell is large because plant cells store more water for photosynthesis.

40. List the levels of organization in an organism starting from smallest to largest. • Cell then tissue then organ then organ system then organism.

41. How does the structure of a nerve cell determine its function in the nervous system? • The nerve cell is long, thin and branched (structure) this allows for messages to pass easily from cell to cell (function).

42. What organisms are always producers? • Plants and some bacteria because they produce their own energy through photosynthesis.

43. Why are primary and secondary consumers dependent on producers? • Consumers are dependent upon the chemical energy and oxygen producers create during photosynthesis.

44. Why are producers dependent on primary and secondary consumers? • Producers are dependent on consumer because producers need the carbon dioxide given off by consumers for photosynthesis.

45. Why are decomposers important to an ecosystem? • Decomposers break down wastes and dead organisms and release that energy back into the soil and water making soil more fertile.

46. What is being passed along from producer to consumer to decomposer in an ecosystem? • Chemical energy in the form of the sugar called glucose.

47. Where does energy for most ecosystems come from? • The sun.

48. What is the name of the sugar being produced during photosynthesis? • Glucose

49. What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis? • 6 CO2 + 6H2O + radiant energy C6H12O6 + 6 O2

50. What are the characteristics of a Tundra biome? List some plants and animals you will find there. • The tundra is cold, dry, mostly treeless land biome that encircles the Arctic circle. Most soil is frozen year-round so the plants have shallow roots. • Lemmings, caribou, polar bears • grass, moss and small shrubs.