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Chapter 16: Sound

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This chapter explores the relationship between sound intensity and loudness, highlighting how the amplitude and energy of sound waves determine how loud a sound is perceived. It examines the measurement of sound in decibels and discusses how sound waves lose energy as they travel through different mediums. The chapter also addresses amplification, acoustics, and the potential dangers of loud sounds, including the risk of hearing damage from prolonged exposure to high decibel levels. Important examples and safety precautions are outlined to promote awareness.

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Chapter 16: Sound

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  1. Chapter 16: Sound Section 3: Intensity determines loudness.

  2. Intensity (loudness) depends on the amplitude of the sound wave • Amplitude/intensity measure how much energy is in a wave • The greater the intensity, amplitude, or energy, the louder the sound (ex: the harder you hit a drum the louder it sounds). • Sound is measured in units called decibels • As a sound wave travels it ‘loses’ energy because of friction with the medium and gets softer.

  3. The intensity of sound can be controlled • Amplification: increasing the strength of a sound to make it louder (your stereo has an amplifier). • Acoustics: the scientific study of sound. Ex: movie theaters have soft fabric on the walls to absorb sound waves. Concert halls are shaped to direct sound waves to the audience.

  4. Intense sound can damage hearing. • Listening to loud sounds (over 90 dB) can damage the tiny hairs in the cochlea and cause your hearing to be damaged. • Being around a super loud sound (over 130 dB) just once could damage your hearing, so be careful! • There are pictures of healthy and damaged hair cells on pg. 536 of your book. • On pg. 534 you can see approximate sound intensities for sounds you might encounter during a normal day.

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