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Transformation

Transformation. A DNA fragments/plasmids of donor bacteria Taken up & incorporated into the genome of recipient cell Natural competence Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoea Induced competence Cold CaCl 2 & heat shock: E. coli

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Transformation

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  1. Transformation • A DNA fragments/plasmids of donor bacteria • Taken up & incorporated into the genome of recipient cell • Natural competence Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoea • Induced competence Cold CaCl2 & heat shock: E. coli Protoplast: Bacillus, Streptomyces Electroporation: a brief pulse of high-voltage electricity

  2. Transduction Generalized transduction Specialised transduction Transfer of DNA by Bacteriophage via Lytic & Lysogenic cycle

  3. Conjugation Discovered 1946 Lederberg & Tatum Donor: • Containing conjugative plasmid (F+) Recipient: • Bacterial receiving the plasmid (F-) High-frequency recombination (Hfr)

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