Biosynthesis: Molecular Models for Plant Growth

1. Carbon: Transformations in Matter and Energy Environmental Literacy ProjectMichigan State University Plants UnitActivity 5.2: Molecular Models for Potatoes Growing: Biosynthesis

2. Plants Unit Map You are here Lesson 2: Foundations: Zooming into Organisms Lessons 4 & 5: Explaining How Plants Make Food, Move, Function, and Grow Lesson 3: Investigating Plants Lesson 1: Pretest and Initial Ideas Lesson 1: Pretest and Expressing Ideas Lesson 6: Explaining Other Examples of Plant Growth and Functioning Inquiry (up the triangle) Application (down the triangle) Model Pre Lesson: Investigation Set-Up Evidence-Based Arguments Observe Coach Models Fade Post test Maintain Predict & Express Ideas Establish the Problem Pre Lesson Pretest Found-ational Knowl-edge and Practice Next Unit Photosynthesis Biosynthesis Cellular Respiration Patterns Plants gain mass (more). Soil loses mass (less). Plants take in CO2 in the light. Plants release CO2 in the dark. Observations Data from mass of plants growing from seed. Data from plants in the light and dark with BTB.

3. Connecting Questions about Processes at Different Scales: Biosynthesis

4. Plants use food in two ways Materialsfor growth:Biosynthesis Food To Cells Energy:Cellular respiration

5. Plants make other small organic molecules from glucose and minerals The result of photosynthesis is glucose, then plants use the glucose to make other small organic molecules (monomers). Plus nitrogen AMINO ACID FATTY ACID GLYCEROL GLUCOSE

6. What happens inside the cells of a growing stem?Monomers are used to make polymers. LARGE = Polymer SMALL = Monomers STARCH GLUCOSE

7. How Atoms Bond Together in Molecules • Atoms in stable molecules always have a certain number of bonds to other atoms: • Carbon: 4 bonds • Oxygen: 2 bonds • Hydrogen: 1 bond • Oxygen atoms do NOT bond to other oxygen atoms if they can bond to carbon or hydrogen instead. • Chemical energy is stored in bonds between atoms • Some bonds (C-C and C-H) have high chemical energy • Other bonds (C-O and O-H) have low chemical energy

8. Remember what’s in plants Spinach (Leaves) Peanuts (Seeds) PROTEIN FAT STARCH

9. Build a Plant Stem Cell (Biosynthesis) Build STARCH molecule by taping 3 glucosemonomers together. Notice you will need to cut an –H and –OH from glucose. Tape these together to make water. Chemical change

10. What happens to carbon atoms and chemical energy in when plants make starch or cellulose? Chemical change Glucosemonomers Starch polymer(+ water) Reactants Products 10

11. What happens to carbon atoms and chemical energy when plants make starch or cellulose? Chemical change Carbon atoms stay in organic molecules with high-energy bonds Glucosemonomers Starch polymer(+ water) Reactants Products 11

12. Build a Plant Stem Cell (Biosynthesis) Build PROTEIN molecules by taping 4 amino acid monomers together. Notice you will need to cut an –H and –OH from each amino acid. Tape these together to make water. Chemical change

13. What happens to carbon atoms and chemical energy when plants make proteins? Chemical change Amino acid monomers Protein polymer(+ water) Reactants Products

14. What happens to carbon atoms and chemical energy when plants make proteins? Chemical change Carbon atoms stay in organic molecules with high-energy bonds Amino acid monomers Protein polymer(+ water) Reactants Products

15. Build a Plant Stem Cell (Biosynthesis) Build FAT molecules by taping 3 fatty acid monomers to 1 glycerol molecule. Notice you will need to cut an –H and –OH from each fatty acid and glycerol. Tape these together to make water. Chemical change

16. What happens to carbon atoms and chemical energy when plants make fats? Chemical change Fatty acids+ glycerol Fat(+ water) Reactants Products

17. What happens to carbon atoms and chemical energy when plants make fats? Chemical change Carbon atoms stay in organic molecules with high-energy bonds Fatty acids+ glycerol Fat(+ water) Reactants Products