Grant Number: IIP-0646322 Award Dates: March 1, 2007 – February 28, 2009.

1. White-light NCs in polyurethane White-light NCs in epoxy resin Commercialization Strategy • Competitive Advantages and Critical Customer Needs Addressed with Tetramer Technology • Compared to epoxy, silicones, acrylics, polycarbonate, and polyurethane matrices, TetramerNDM can increase 5 to 10 times the nanomaterial loading levels. • TetramerNDM exhibits superior processing properties, using only heat to provide thermoplastic or thermoset encapsulation stable up to 250 C with no free radicals or by-products. • Optically clear in the telecommunication windows. • No major commercial polymer manufacturer has concentrated on serving as a nanoparticle matrix due to its relatively small market. White-light NCs in silicone resin White-light NCs in PFCB polymer • Technical Objectives/Goals • Develop a host matrix based on Tetramer’s perfluorocyclobutyl (PFCB) polymer technology which provides superior dispersion and optical properties for quantum dots / nanomaterials • Optimize polymeric host for specific nanomaterials and specific applications TetramerNDM (Nanoparticle Dispersion Matrix) Tetramer’s Nanoparticle Dispersion Matrix (TetramerNDM) is a new specialty polymer product family derived from the commercially available semi-fluorinated Tetramer Optical Polymers (TOPs). TetramerNDM adds superior nanoparticle dispersing properties to the qualities you expect from TOPs technology: transparency from 400-2000 nm, high chemical and thermal stability, and ease of processing. Large films of optically transparent nanocomposites have been produced with TetramerNDM. By obtaining high concentrations of nanomaterials, thinner films of nanocomposite can be used. Figure 2 shows quantum dots dispersed in TetramerNDM at the 0.9 and 10 wt% loading levels. The samples can be seen to be quite transparent. • Market Opportunity • The global market for QD is expected to reach $500 million by 2009.2 • Solid State Lighting – this industry continues to grow with predicted revenues of $10 billion dollars per year nationally.3 • Scintillator Applications – a supply shortage of conventional crystals will be a limiting factor. • Flat Panel Display – projected to grow from 85 billion in 2005 to 141 billion dollars in 2010.4 • Photovoltaic - average annual growth rate of 23.8% through 20095 with $125 million in 2009.2 • Technical Results to Date • Loading levels of greater than 40 wt % have been obtained without agglomeration. • Quantum yields of quantum dots in Tetramer polymer are between 80 and 100% of the quantum yield in solvent. a) b) Nanomaterials Dispersed • CdSe • CdSe/ZnS • Mn:ZnSe • InAs • PbS • PbSe • Ln:LaF3 • Ln:CaF2 Figure 2. CdSe/ZnS quantum dots dispersed in TetramerNDM under room lighting (top) and long wave UV light (bottom). (a) 0.9 wt% loading levels films are ~1.5 inch on a side. (b) The 10 wt% film is approximately the size of a quarter. • Finance and Revenue Model • Stage 2 and 3 Development will be achieved through Phase IIB Joint Development Agreements with Target Customers through 2010 • Initial Scale-up will be accomplished locally with contract manufacturers in 2009-20011 producing revenue streams from sale of product • Scale up will come from local VC firms or customer manufacturing (producing a royalty stream) • An Enabling Technology 15 wt % of “magic” sized CdSe quantum dots in TetramerNDM enabled white LEDs through conversion of UV LED as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. UV LEDs conversions to white LEDs using different host for “magic” sized white quantum dots.1 Monolithic TetramerNDM In addition to thin films, bulk materials can also be produced using m-TetramerNDM. Figure 3 shows a disk ~3 mm thick with 0.5 wt% quantum dot loading levels. Current research is focused on producing monoliths 2.5 cm thick. • References • J. D.Gosnell, et al., “Cadmium selenide nanocrystals as white-light phosphors,” Proceedings of the SPIE “Sixth International Conference on Solid State Lighting,” 6337, 633708 (2006). • Robert Moran, “Display Technology Review and Forecast,” BCC Research, GB-SMC062A (February 2006), http://www.electronics.ca/reports/fpd/display_technology.html • “The Promise of Solid State Lighting for General Illumination Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs)”, prepared by the Optoelectronics Industry Development Association, 2001. • Robert Moran, “Photovoltiacs: Markets and Technologies,” BCC Research, GB-RE038V (June 2005), http://www.electronics.ca/reports/power_supplies/photovoltaics.html Figure 3. Monolithic disk of TetramerNDM with 0.5 wt% loading of quantum dots (CdSe/ZnS) SBIR Phase II: Quantum Dot / Fluoropolymer Composite: A new approach for enhancing performance in light sources Grant Number: IIP-0646322 Award Dates: March 1, 2007 – February 28, 2009. Award Type: SBIR Phase II Topic: EL-D.1 Company Name: Tetramer Technologies, L.L.C. Address: 657 S. Mechanic Street, Pendleton, SC 29670 PI: Dr.Earl H. Wagener Tetramer Technologies. L.L.C. Overview Tetramer Technologies was formed in 2001 as a faculty-driven start-up company commercializing high value research activities pursued at Clemson University. It currently employs 11 people- 9 PhDs, 1 Masters, and 1 BS level. Our business model is to focus on developing specialty polymeric or oligomeric materials through synthesis, structure/activity development, in close research development relationships with device or other downstream customers.