1 / 26

Edward Thorndike

Edward Thorndike. Acquisition of Goal-directed responses. Law of Effect - behavior occurs in a random, trial-and-error fashion. Consequences of a behavior can increase or decrease the future probability of that behavior. 1874-1949. Cat Puzzle Box. Escape Time. Trials. Law of Effect.

alina
Télécharger la présentation

Edward Thorndike

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Edward Thorndike Acquisition of Goal-directed responses. Law of Effect - behavior occurs in a random, trial-and-error fashion. Consequences of a behavior can increase or decrease the future probability of that behavior. 1874-1949

  2. Cat Puzzle Box Escape Time Trials

  3. Law of Effect Responses followed by a satisfying outcome will strengthen the association between the situation and the response. Responses followed by a dissatisfying outcome will weaken the association between the situation and the response.

  4. Operant vs. Classical Operant responses understood by comprehending the consequences they produce vs. Pavlovian responses may have environmental effects, but this is not what controls them

  5. Hampton Court Palace Maze

  6. Discrete-Trial Procedures W. S. Small (1900) – used the maze as a tool to study operant learning in rats. “complex” maze; measures = running speed, latency to reach goal.

  7. T-Maze Food No Food Start

  8. Straight Alley “Maze” Start Food

  9. Operant (Instrumental) ConditioningThe Skinner Box:

  10. 2 Stages of training: 1. Magazine training 2. Shaping = reinforcement of successive approximations Lever

  11. Lever

  12. Lever

  13. Lever

  14. Lever

  15. Lever

  16. Free-Operant Procedures Discrete-trial procedures provide animal with limited opportunities to respond. Free-operant procedures allow the animal to perform the instrumental response repeatedly without constraint.

  17. Discrete-Trial Operant Procedure Lever Light = Discriminative stimulus (SD)

  18. Partial Reinforcement Interval Ratio Fixed Variable

  19. Schedules of Reinforcement # responses FI scallop Post-reinforcement pause time

  20. Size of post-reinforcement pause determined by response-reinforcement ratio

  21. PREE

  22. Pigeon in a Pelican

  23. Ginger

  24. Reinforcement without awareness • Conditioning in amesics – eyeblink in HM • “Memento” • Radio static study • Subjects told it was an experiment on stress. • Twitching of very small thumb muscle actually terminated the aversive stimulus (harsh noise) • Students condition professor

  25. Does anyone know how google works? google

More Related