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WWII/Cold War Lecture 1

WWII/Cold War Lecture 1. I. Background A. Depression Continues B. WWI Affects Losers 1. Devastated Economies 2. Wounded National Pride 3. Ruthless Dictatorships Rise. II. Dictatorship Rise. A. Germany, Italy, Japan 1. Promise Of Return To Glory 2. Italy-Benito Mussolini Fascism

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WWII/Cold War Lecture 1

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  1. WWII/Cold WarLecture 1 • I. Background • A. Depression Continues • B. WWI Affects Losers • 1. Devastated Economies • 2. Wounded National Pride • 3. Ruthless Dictatorships Rise

  2. II. Dictatorship Rise • A. Germany, Italy, Japan • 1. Promise Of Return To Glory • 2. Italy-Benito Mussolini • Fascism • 3. Germany – Adolf Hitler -Nazi Party & The Third Reich -Anti-Semitism • 4. Japan-Hideki Tojo -island aggression • 5. Tripartite Pact Formed 1940

  3. B. World Response • 1. Great Britain – Winston Churchill, • France-Charles de Gaulle • -appeasement • -war Sept. 1939 • 2. US • - Isolationism • - Neutrality Acts of 1930’s • Lend-lease program

  4. III. US Enters War • A. Pearl Harbor Attacked • 1. 8 Large Ships Sunk, 200 Planes Lost • 2. 2,400 dead • B. US Declares War on Japan Dec 8, 1941 • 1. December 11, Japan, Germany, Italy Reciprocate • 2. Axis Powers – Japan, Germany, Italy • 3. Allied Powers – US, Great Britian, France

  5. C. Many Fronts • 1. Europe • - Germany, Italy • -Rhineland & Much of Europe • -1942 Germany, attacks Russia (Russia joins Allied Powers) • 2. Pacific • -Japan • -Manchuria, Midway, Guadalcanal

  6. D. Victory In Europe 1943-1945 • 1.Normandy, Battle of the Bulge • 2. Holocaust • 3. Hitler-Suicide April 30, 1945 • -May 8, Germany surrenders.

  7. E. Victory In The Pacific • 1. Island Hopping • -Guam, Phillipines, Japan • -many lives lost • 2. FDR Dies-Harry Truman President • -Truman warns Japan • -Japan refuses to surrender • 3. Manhattan Project • -atomic bomb • -Albert Einstein, Robert Oppenheimer

  8. 4.Uranium Bomb Dropped • - called “Little Boy” • -Aug 6, 1945 on Hiroshima, Japan • -70,000 Dead, 70,000 Injured • 5. Plutonium Bomb Dropped • - called “Fat Man” • -Aug 9, 1945 on Nagasaki, Japan • -40,000 Dead, 40,000 Injured • 6. Japan Surrenders • -Aug 14, 1945 • -formal surrender Sept. 2 • -WWII ends

  9. WW II Lec 2 • I. Background • A. Shift to War Production • 1. Challenges • - WWI & Depression • - Massive Organization • More sacrifices

  10. II. War Economy • A. Office of War Mobilization • 1. Production of War materials • - auto industry • -cost-plus system • -new market methods • B. Union Workers • 1. Increases strikes, John L. Lewis • 2. Wildcat strikes

  11. C. War Financing • 1. federal spending increases • 2. Taxes raised • 3. Deficit spending • D. Shortages • Metal, rubber, fabric, gas • Sugar coffee meat rationing

  12. E. Women’s role • All ages working, very successful • Discrimination continues, mental, physical, racial • Post-war jobs loss • III. Racial struggles • A. Employment • 1. Greater opportunities • 2. Discrimination continues

  13. B. Blacks • 1. South Jim Crow Laws • 2. North-De facto Discrimination • 3. Black organization • “double V campaign” • 4. Phillip Randolph

  14. C. Hispanics • 1. Discrminated • 2. Major gains 1944 • - braceros program • Zoot soot riots • D. native Americans • 1. Many in War • 2. Cultural transition-Alienation

  15. E. Japanese • 1. Anti-Japanese sentiment • 2. Sabotage fears • 3. Executive Order 9066 (1942) • - War Relocation Authority • Internment camps

  16. WWII/Cold WarLecture 3 • I. Background • A. End of WWII • 1. US-Soviet Divisions • -capitalism vs communism • II. Wartime Problems • A. Tehran & Yalta Conferences • 1. Big 3 Meet • 2. Germany-4 Occupation Zones • -vague agreement

  17. B. Western Front • 1. US Delay With Help • C. Atomic Bomb Development • 1. British in-soviets out • III. Post Way Path • A. US Stance • 1. Democracy (liberty, equality, rep. gov., worldwide markets)

  18. B. Soviet Stance • 1. Communism (workers unite and share, totalitarian dictatorship) • C. Cold War Begins • 1. Cold War (indirect conflict & tension) • -1917 & 1939 divisions • Stalin 1946 Speech • -strengthen military • Survival against west • 3. Churchill 1946 Speech • - “Iron Curtain” has descended • - stop communist movement

  19. IV. Containment Policy • A. Peace Organizations • 1. League of Nations Failure • 2. United Nations 1945 • B. Truman Doctrine 1947 • 1. US Support Policy • 2. Greece & Turkey Aid

  20. C. Marshall Plan • 1.Main Obj. – Counter Soviet Expansion & Open New Markets • 2. European Recovery Program. • -17 bill total over 4 years • -Soviet non-participation • -Berlin airlift • D. Other Developments • 1. NATO 1949 • 2. NSC-68 • 3. Satellite Nations

  21. V. Broadening Containment • A. Korean War • 1. 38th Parallel – N & S Korea • B. Vietnam War • 1. France, N & S Vietnam • 2. Domino Theory • C. Middle East • 1. Israel & Arab States • 2. Oil Supplies • D. Latin America • 1. Cuba-Castro

  22. VI. Cold War at Home • A. HUAC • 1. Loyalty Prog. • 2. Hollywood • B. Spy Cases • 1. Alger Hiss, Julius & Ethel Rosenburg • C. McCarthy Era • 1. Communist Hunt

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