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ELO D EXECUTE MOTOR MOVEMENT. Gun Truck. Control Vehicle. Task Vehicle. COLUMN FORMATION. Two-lane roads 75m to 100m interval Average speed 50 mph. Direction of Traffic. Gun Truck. Control Vehicle. Task Vehicle. INVERTED “T” FORMATION. Four-lane roads Convoy runs center line
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ELO D EXECUTE MOTOR MOVEMENT
Gun Truck Control Vehicle Task Vehicle COLUMN FORMATION • Two-lane roads • 75m to 100m interval • Average speed 50 mph Direction of Traffic
Gun Truck Control Vehicle Task Vehicle INVERTED “T” FORMATION • Four-lane roads • Convoy runs center line • 75m to 100m interval • Average speed 50 mph Direction of Traffic
Gun Truck Control Vehicle Task Vehicle DIAMOND FORMATION • Six-lane roads and larger • Convoy runs center lane • 75m to 100m interval • Speed may be decreased Direction of Traffic
Wrecker/ Maintenance Team Task Vehicles Convoy Commander Task Vehicles Gun Truck NCOIC/ CLS Gun Truck Gun Truck Direction of Travel ORGANIZE THE CONVOY • Place a gun truck as the lead vehicle • Place experienced, senior driver in the first task vehicle • Place the convoy CDR’s vehicle to best facilitate control • Place a gun truck behind commander’s vehicle • Place convoy NCOIC in rearward vehicle w/ CLS • Place wrecker/maintenance team near the rear • Place a gun truck as the last vehicle
MAINTAIN SITUATIONAL AWARENESS Scan the road ahead and to each side 1 11 9 4 ASS’T DRIVER/ VEHICLE CDR DRIVER
SITUATIONAL AWARENESS: WHAT YOU SHOULD WATCH FOR • Suspicious movement on overpasses • Abandoned or broken down vehicles • Foreign objects • Sudden activity as convoy approaches
SITUATIONAL AWARENESS (Continued) • Local nationals dispersing or disappearing • Suspicious movement in upper floor windows • Animal-drawn carts or wagons • Fresh concrete work • Signs of tampering, exposed wires, or objects attached to the backsides of guardrails
SITUATIONAL AWARENESS (Continued) • Keep close watch on the trail element • Ensure weapons movement is obvious and deliberate • Train crew-served weapons in direction of perceived threats • Require all personnel to wear helmets, body armor, and eye protection at all times
MAINTAIN CONVOY DISCIPLINE (DAYLIGHT) • Ensure vehicle interval is established and maintained • Adjust/reduce vehicle interval in built-up areas • Do not engage service drive lights • Ensure all vehicles run at established convoy speed • Ensure serial/march unit gaps are as specified in SOP/OPORD • Ensure checkpoint reports are received and relayed to higher headquarters • Relay significant operational changes to higher HQ
MAINTAIN CONVOY DISCIPLINE (NIGHT) • Establish and maintain vehicle interval • Adjust/reduce interval in built-up areas • Reduce interval to accommodate use of blackout drive (service drive lights may be appropriate) • Adjust convoy speed according to visibility/road conditions • Implement use of Driver Vision Enhancers (DVE) • Employ night vision devices • Ensure serial/march gaps are as specified in SOP/OPORD
MAINTAIN COMMUNICATIONS • FM radio network • Movement Tracking System (MTS) • Force XXI Battle Command Brigade-and-Below (FBCB2) • Pyrotechnics • Hand and arm signals • Audio signals • Field expedients
ACTIONS AT THE HALT • Stop column at prescribed time and location (scheduled halts) • Report halt to higher headquarters • Exercise caution when moving vehicles off the road • Drivers remain in vehicles with engines running for short halts • Assistant drivers dismount and check the immediate area for IEDs, mines, etc.
ACTIONS AT THE HALT (Continued) • Asst drivers initiate perimeter security • Crew-served weapons stay mounted, stagger orientation • Trail elements maintain rear security • Keep civilians away from vehicles • Position gun trucks to cover likely avenues of approach/ dead space • Position vehicles to blend with surroundings if possible • Perform PMCS
ACTIONS AT THE HALT (Continued) • Notify maintenance officer of needed repairs • Inspect vehicle loads at every stop • Perform PMCS/function checks on weapons • Refuel and rearm • Recover security on order to move • Conduct headcount prior to departure • Conduct departure at specified time in movement order • Report resumption of march to higher headquarters
IMPLEMENT ACTIVE/PASSIVE DEFENSE MEASURES Maximize concealment • Cover shiny surfaces • If the mission dictates, cover vehicle bumper markings • Exercise noise and light discipline
SUPPORT THE DECEPTION STORY • Camouflage or disguise high-priority cargo to resemble something else • Cover or otherwise obscure labels and markings on any containers or visible cargo to prevent ready detection* • * Do not alter cargo labels or markings without • command approval
REACT TO MAN-MADE ROAD OBSTACLES
MAN-MADE OBSTACLES • Identify obstacle as far away as possible • Halt only if there is no alternative • Scan for potential IEDs and enemy activity • Do not halt inside the projected kill zone • Send SITREP and SALUTE report to higher headquarters
MAN-MADE OBSTACLES (Continued) • Identify alternate route, if available • If halt is necessary, keep vehicles running • Engage enemy with suppressive fire if encountered • Breach the obstacle if possible
REACT TOHUMANOBSTACLES • Identify as far away as possible • Bypass if possible • Assume hostile intent on the part of the crowd • Adopt aggressive posture • Position gun truck in overwatch position • Push vehicles slowly through crowd while sounding horns • Fire warning shots over the heads of anyone refusing to move • Send SITREP to higher headquarters • Continue the mission
REACT TO HUMAN OBSTACLES (CONTINUED) Remember, when confronted by a crowd: • Do not stop • Always assume hostile intent • Do not appease, feed, or give them anything • You must force your way through
REACT TO HEAVY TRAFFIC • Gun trucks stop traffic at intersections • All personnel remain mounted • Keep vehicles running • Maintain constant internal communication • If unable to clear the area, maintain alert posture • If halted in a vulnerable position, deploy gun trucks onto the opposing traffic lane to clear traffic • Provide higher headquarters with detailed SITREP
ELO E DEFEND AGAINST ATTACK
WEAPON ENGAGEMENT SKILLS • Ball-to-tracer ratio M16: 2:1 Machine guns: 4:1 • Last rounds should all be tracers
SECTORS OF FIRE AND SCAN FIRE SCAN Driver: 9-1 o’clock Asst. Driver: 11-4 o’clock Driver: 9-11 o’clock Asst. Driver: 1-3 o’clock
Lead-burst method • Drivers fire rifles, semi-automatic only • Aiming points: • Gunner moving, target stationary: aim • low and short of target • Gunner stationary, target moving: aim • low and lead target • Gunner and target moving: aim on line • and low WEAPON ENGAGEMENT METHODS
CREW AND BATTLE DRILLS EXIT/ENTER VEHICLE UNDER FIRE FRIENDLY FIRE ENEMY FIRE FRIENDLY FIRE