Understanding Hypotheses, Theories, and Experimental Design in Biology

1. Semester 1 Clicker Questions Version 1.3

2. Compare a hypothesis and a theory: • A hypothesis is supported by many types of evidence and a theory is a prediction • A hypothesis is a prediction and a theory is supported by multiple types of evidence • Both a hypothesis and a theory are predictions • Both a hypothesis and a theory are educated guesses

3. You decide to test the effects of Miracle Grow fertilizer on plant growth. Group A is given fertilizer once a week for 4 weeks. Group B is given no fertilizer. The plant height of both groups is measured daily. Which of the following is a possible source of error? • Group A has 2 plants and Group B has 10 plants • Group A is kept in the sun and Group B is kept in the shade • Group A is given 100 ml of water each day and Group B is given 50 ml of water each day • All of the above

4. You decide to test the effects of Miracle Grow fertilizer on plant growth. Group A is given fertilizer once a week for 4 weeks. Group B is given no fertilizer. The plant height of both groups is measured daily. Why is it necessary to have Group B as your control group? • The control group makes your results invalid • The control group is a possible source of error • The control group is used for comparison • None of the above

5. ________ are small molecules that are put together to make large molecules called _______. • Monomers, polymers • Polymers, monomers • Monomers, polygons • Polymers, amino acids

6. The monomer in a carbohydrate is: • Amino acids • Nucleic acids • Monosaccharides • Glycerol & Fatty Acid

7. The monomer in a Lipid is: • Amino acids • Nucleic acids • Monosaccharides • Glycerol & Fatty Acid

8. The monomer in a Nucleic Acid is: • Amino acids • Nucleiotides • Monosaccharides • Glycerol & Fatty Acid

9. The monomer in a Protein is: • Amino acids • Nucleic acids • Monosaccharides • Glycerol & Fatty Acid

10. Unlike a prokaryotic cell, a eukaryotic cell: • Lacks a nucleus • Is found in bacteria • Has a nucleus • Lacks membrane bound organelles

11. Which two organelles are responsible for protein synthesis? • Ribosomes and Golgi apparatus • Ribosomes and ER • Ribosomes and Nucleus • ER and Golgi apparatus

12. Which organelle modifies and packages proteins for export? • Ribosomes • ER • Nucleus • Golgi apparatus

13. Which organelle is 1? • ER • Golgi apparatus • Nucleus • Mitochondria

14. Which organelle is 9? • ER • Golgi apparatus • Nucleus • Mitochondria

15. Which organelle is 10? • ER • Golgi apparatus • Nucleus • Mitochondria

16. Which of the following is NOT true about the cell membrane: • Surrounds all cells • Controls what enters and leaves the cell • Surrounds the nucleus • Is a phospholipid bilayer

17. The cell membrane is semipermeable. This means: • All things can pass through • Some things are let in or out but not everything • Everything is blocked • Only small molecules may pass through

18. The diffusion of water is called: • Osmosis • Transfusion • Water transport • Active transport

19. In diffusion molecules move: • From low to high’ no energy • From low to high; needs energy • From high to low; no energy • From high to low; needs energy

20. In carrier facilitated diffusion molecules move: • From low to high’ no energy • From low to high; needs energy • From high to low with the help of a protein; no energy • From high to low; needs energy

21. In active transport molecules move: • From low to high’ no energy • From low to high; needs energy • From high to low; no energy • From high to low; needs energy

22. Light is converted to chemical energy during: • Cellular Respiration • Fermentation • Photosynthesis • Krebs Cycle

23. Which of the following are reactants of photosynthesis • Carbon dioxide & Glucose & Light • Carbon dioxide & Water & Light • Oxygen & Water • Oxygen & Glucose

24. Which of the following are products of Photosynthesis • Carbon dioxide & Glucose • Carbon dioxide & Water • Oxygen & Water • Oxygen & Glucose

25. The pigment that absorbs red and blue light and reflects green light in Photosynthesis is • Carotenoid • Melanin • Zanthophyll • Chlorophyll

26. The main energy molecule used by cells is: • ADP • Oxygen • NADH • ATP

27. In Cellular Respiration, ____________ is broken down to make energy. • Glucose • ATP • Water • Carbon Dioxide

28. Cellular Respiration occurs in the: • Chloroplast • Mitochondria • Lysosome • Ribosome

29. Which of the following is NOT a function of DNA (Genes) in the cell? • Carry information from one generation to the next • Code for proteins • To determine inherited traits • To control all cell activities

30. The 3 parts of a DNA nucleotide are: • Ribose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base • Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, ribose • Ribose sugar, carbohydrate group, nitrogenous base • Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base

31. What of the following are correctly matched base pairs? • Adenine – Thymine • Adenine – Cytosine • Thymine – Guanine • Guanine - Adenine

32. The process of DNA being copied in the form of RNA is: • Translation • Cell Transport • DNA Replication • Transcription

33. The process of mRNA being being read by a ribosome and used to build a protein is: • Translation • Cell Transport • DNA Replication • Transcription

34. Use the codon table to determine the amino acid sequence:AUG CCU GGG UAA • Met – Pro – Gly – Tyr • Met – Pro – Gly – Stop • Met – Pro – Glu – Tyr • Met – His – Gly – Stop

35. Amino Acids in a protein are connected by • Hydrogen bonds • Peptide bonds • Nucleic acids • Nucleotides

36. How is it that your blood, brain, and skin cells have the same DNA when they function differently? • They all have different DNA • They don’t make proteins • They only contain half of your DNA • Different cell express different genes