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Evidence-Based Reform in Education: Lessons from Medicine for Teacher Effectiveness

This document discusses the critical need for evidence-based reform in education, drawing parallels to the medical field. It identifies a lack of knowledge on how to implement research-proven methods in teaching despite abundant knowledge on student learning. Key strategies include the use of proven programs, teacher involvement in program selection, government support, and rigorous evaluation processes. The goal is to create a culture of continuous improvement in education, ensuring that practices are based on solid evidence to benefit students and educators alike.

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Evidence-Based Reform in Education: Lessons from Medicine for Teacher Effectiveness

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  1. Evidence-Based Reform in Education Robert E. Slavin University of York -and- Johns Hopkins University

  2. The Problem: • Not lack of knowledge about how children learn • Lack of knowledge about how to help teachers apply research-proven methods

  3. Analogy to medicine • Importance of sterile procedures demonstrated by Lister, 1860 • Hand washing still an issue today • Checklists: Helping physicians use proven practices • Cut infection rates 66%, saved 1500 lives in 18 months

  4. Vision of Education, 2018 • Teachers using proven programmes • Active involvement in choosing programmes • 80% vote of staff • Government supports creation, adoption, dissemination of proven programmes • Incentive funding to schools using proven programmes • Constant development and evaluation of new models

  5. Evidence-Based Reform in Education • Use what works • Modelled on medicine, agriculture, engineering • Improve practice today • Create dynamic of progressive improvement

  6. Stop the pendulum, I want to get off • Fields lacking respect for evidence innovate by taste, not research • Fashion • Art • Education • Innovation in Education • Word of mouth • Tradition • Politics • Marketing This must change

  7. Requirements for Evidence-Based Reform • Proven programmes in every subject and year level • Evaluated in rigorous experiments • Systematic reviews of research - Trusted, impartial, valid - Educator friendly • Policies to promote use of proven programmes

  8. Research Base for Effective Programmes • Randomised, matched evaluations of replicable programmes • Strong tradition of experimental study in the US, other countries

  9. US Example: Comprehensive School Reform • Development in early 1990’s • Evaluation • Scale-up • Funding for adoption of CSR models

  10. Building Research Base in the UK • Funding, encouragement essential • Evaluate existing UK programmes • Creating new programmes • Design competitions • Import and evaluate non-UK programmes

  11. Reviewing What Works • UK: EPPI • US: What Works Clearinghouse • US & UK: Best Evidence Encyclopaedia

  12. Primary Mathematics Programme Ratings • Strong Evidence of EffectivenessClasswide Peer Tutoring (IP)Missouri Mathematics Program (IP) Peer Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS/IP) Student Teams-Achievement Divisions (IP)TAI Math (IP/MC) • Moderate Evidence of EffectivenessClassworks (CAI) Cognitively Guided Instruction (IP)Connecting Maths Concepts (IP/MC)Consistency Management & Cooperative Discipline (IP)Project SEED (IP)Small-Group Tutoring (IP)

  13. To access the BEE: www.bestevidence.org

  14. Evidence-based policies • US: Comprehensive School Reform • US: No Child Left Behind (NCLB) • Lesson: Be clear about proven programmes

  15. Expanding Use of Proven Programmes in the UK • Expand development & evaluation of promising programmes • Grants to schools to adopt proven programmes • Encouragement, support for use of proven programmes • OFSTED • TDA • Other agencies

  16. Evidence-Based Reform Consequences • Improved practices • Expanded R&D from all sources • Winners: • Children • Teachers • Publishers, software companies • Society at large

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