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The Status of Research on Creativity and Design in Technology Education

The Status of Research on Creativity and Design in Technology Education. Presented on Thursday, March 18, 2010 at the ITEA Conference in Charlotte, North Carolina by: Dr. Scott A. Warner, IDSA Associate Professor Department of Industry and Technology Millersville University of Pennsylvania

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The Status of Research on Creativity and Design in Technology Education

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  1. The Status of Research on Creativity and Design in Technology Education Presented on Thursday, March 18, 2010 at the ITEA Conference in Charlotte, North Carolina by: Dr. Scott A. Warner, IDSA Associate Professor Department of Industry and Technology Millersville University of Pennsylvania Millersville, Pennsylvania

  2. Setting the Stage • This presentation is based on the findings of a chapter I wrote for the 2010 CTTE Yearbook on The Status of Research in Technology Education • The findings represent a combination of a literature review and an analysis I did of the literature in the technology education profession • My goal was to provide readers with a conceptual framework for what has been researched, and what could be researched still, about creativity and design in technology education

  3. Defining the Terms - Creativity

  4. Defining the Terms - Design

  5. Why are Creativity and Design So Important?

  6. The Origins of Human Creativity

  7. The Research on Creativity

  8. Creativity Research Methods

  9. Creativity Research Critiques Vs.

  10. Examining Design

  11. Characteristics of Designerly Thinking

  12. Characteristics of a Design Based Approach to Teaching & Learning • Open-Ended • Authentic • Integrated • Responsive • Values-Oriented

  13. Researching Design Thinking

  14. Research on Creativity and Design in Technology Education • An examination of the frequency of identified terms in the titles of articles from two Technology Education journals (1989-2008) • An examination of the frequency of identified terms in the titles of graduate research studies (1998-2005)

  15. Scanning the Literature • Key Words or Terms • Creative and/or Creativity • Design • Problem Solving • Innovation • Invention

  16. Creativity and Design in the Technology Education Literature • 350 articles examined in TTT • 34 contained one or more search terms • Almost 10% of the articles had some overt acknowledgement of creativity and design • 145 articles examined in JTE • 31 contained one or more search terms • 18 were readily identified as having a research focus • 21% of the articles had some overt acknowledgement of creativity and design • Having a total percentage of 13% of the conversation focused on creativity and design is excellent when compared to the findings of Sternberg and Lubart (1999)

  17. Scanning the Graduate Research

  18. Taking a Global Perspective

  19. Selected Examples of Research on Creativity and Design in Technology Education

  20. The Identified Areas of Research on Creativity and Design • 1) Definitions of the terms creativity and design, • 2) Explanations as to why having a command of creativity and design will have increasing importance in the 21st century, • 3) Examinations of the biological, mental, and environmental factors influencing creativity and design, • 4) Status of research on creativity in the literature of psychology, • 5) Creativity research methods and their critiques, • 6) Historical examination of design, • 7) Nature of the designerly way of thinking and its role in education, • 8) Defining characteristics of design-based education, • 9) College graduate programs, professional organizations, journals, and books dedicated to research on creativity and design, • 10) Amount of conversation on creativity and design that has occurred in the literature of the technology education profession, • 11) What research efforts have occurred on the international stage, and • 12) Samples of selected research projects.

  21. Identified Patterns in the Research on Creativity and Design

  22. References • Amabile, T. M. (1996). Creativity in context. Boulder, CO:Westview Press. • Amabile, T. M. (1989). Growing up creative: Nurturing a lifetime of creativity. Buffalo, NY: Creative Education Foundation Press. • Bronowski, J. (1973). The ascent of man. Boston: Little, Brown and Company. • Brown, E. (2000). Action research. Providence, RI: Education Alliance. Retrieved June 7, 2009 from http://www.alliance.brown.edu/pubs/themes_ed/act_research.pdf • Brown, R. (1989). Creativity: What are we to measure? In J. Glover, R. Ronning, and C. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of creativity: Perspectives on individual differences (pp. 3-32). New York: Plenum. • Burke, J. (1996). The pinball effect: How renaissance water gardens made the carburetor possible and other journeys through knowledge. Boston: Little, Brown and Company. • Burke, J. & Ornstein, R. (1995). The axemaker’s gift: A double-edged history of human culture. New York: G.P. Putnam. • Burke, J. (1978). Connections. Boston: Little, Brown and Company. • Cross, N. (2006). Designerly ways of knowing. London: Springer. • Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1996). Creativity: Flow and the psychology of discovery and invention. New York: Harper Collins. • Davis, M. (2008). Why do we need doctoral study in design? International Journal of Design, 2(3), 71-79. • Davis, M., Hawley, P., McMullan, B., & Spilka, G. (1997). Design as a catalyst for learning. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. • DeBono, E. (1992). Serious creativity: Using the power of lateral thinking to create new ideas. New York: Harper Business. • DeVore, P. (1980). Technology: An introduction. Worcester, MA: Davis. • De Vries, M. & Mottier, I. (Eds.).(2006). International handbook of technology education: State of the art. Rotterdam: Sense. • Digital Library & Archives (2009). Journal of Technology Education. Retrieved May 18, 2009 from http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JTE/ • Dutton, D. (2008). The art instinct: Beauty, pleasure, and human evolution. New York: Bloomsbury. • Florida, R. (2007). The flight of the creative class: The new global competition for talent. New York: Collins. • Florida, R. (2002). The rise of the creative class. New York: Basic Books. • Friedman, T. (2006). The world is flat: A brief history of the twenty-first century. (2nd ed.). New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. • Gardner, H. (1993). Creating minds. New York: Basic Books. • Goleman, D., Kaufman, P. & Ray, M. (1992). The creative spirit. New York: Dutton. • Guilford, J.P. (1950). Creativity. American Psychologist, 5, 444-454

  23. Hamachek, D. (1979). Psychology in teaching, learning, and growth (2nd ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon. • Hutchinson, J. & Karsnitz, J. (1994). Design and problem solving in technology. Albany, NY: Delmar. • International Technology Education Association (ITEA). (2000). Standards for technological literacy: Content for the study of technology. Reston, VA: Author. • International Technology Education Association (ITEA). (1995). The Technology Teacher(TTT) and TTTe. Retrieved May 18, 2009 from http://www.iteaconnect.org/Publications/ttt.htm • Johanson, D., Johanson, L. & Edgar, B. (1994). Ancestors: In search of human origins. New York: Villard Books. • Johnson, A. E. (1997, May 12). Lower than the angels: The human evolutionary journey. http://www.dealsonline.com/origins/ • Koch, J. & Burghardt, M.D. (2002, Spring). Design technology in the elementary school-A study of teacher action research. Journal of Technology Education, 13(2), Retrieved from http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JTE/v13n2/koch.html • Lambert, D. & The Diagram Group (1987). Field guide to early man. New York: Facts on File. • Lawson, B. (1997). How designers think: The design process demystified. (3rd ed.). Burlington, MA: Architectural Press. • Lewis, T. (2005, Fall). Creativity: A framework for the design/problem solving discourse in technology education. Journal of Technology Education, 17(1), Retrieved from http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JTE/v17n1/lewis.html • McCrone, J. (1991). The ape that spoke: Language and the evolution of the human mind. New York: William Morrow. • Middleton, H, (Ed.).(2008). Researching technology education: Methods and techniques. Rotterdam: Sense • N.C. State College of Design (2007). Design for learning, Retrieved on June 5, 2009 from http://www.ncsu.edu/www/ncsu/design/sod5/phd/content/learning.html • Pink, D. (2005). A whole new mind: Moving from the information age to the conceptual age. New York: Riverhead. • Plucker, J. & Renzulli, J. (1999). Psychometric approaches to the study of human creativity. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of creativity (pp.35-61). New York: Cambridge University Press. • Reed, P. (2005). Current research project in technology education. Retrieved May 18, 2009 from http://teched.vt.edu/ctte/HTML/Research1.html • Reed, P. (2001). CTTE monograph #17: The technology education graduate research database 1892-2000. Reston, VA: International Technology Education Association. • Schick, K. D. & Toth, N. (1993). Making silent stones speak: Human evolution and the dawn of technology. New York: Simon & Schuster.

  24. Spendlove, D. (2008). Still thinking and feeling: The location of emotion in the creative and learning experience (Part 2), Design and Technology Education: An International Journal, 13(1). 11-18. Retrieved June 7, 2009 from http://ojs.lboro.ac.uk/ojs/index.php/DATE/article/viewFile/Journal_13.1_0208_RES1/39 • Spendlove, D. (2007). We feel therefore we learn: The location of emotion in the creative and learning experience (Part 1), Design and Technology Education: An International Journal, 12(3). 7-16. Retrieved June 7, 2009 from http://ojs.lboro.ac.uk/ojs/index.php/DATE/article/viewFile/Journal_12.3_1107_RES1/46 • Sternberg, R. & Lubart, T. (1999). The concepts of creativity: Prospects and paradigms. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of creativity (pp.3-15). New York: Cambridge University Press. • Stricker, D. (2008). Perceptions of Creativity in Art, Music and Technology Education. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Minnesota. • Wallace, D. (1989). Studying the individual: The case study method and other genres. In D. Wallace & H. Gruber (Eds.), Creative people at work. New York: Oxford University Press. • Warner, S.,Morford Erli, L., Johnson, C., & Greiner, S. (2007, Spring). Identifying the paradigm of design faculty in undergraduate technology teacher education in the United States. Journal of Technology Education, 18, (2) 67-86. • Warner, S., & Hickman, D. (2005, April). Identifying resources used to teach technological design. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the International Technology Education Association, Kansas, MO. • Warner, S. & Morford, L. (2004, Spring). The status of design in technology teacher education in the United States. Journal of Technology Education, 15, (2) 33-45. • Williams, T. I. (1987). The history of invention: From stone axes to silicon chips. New York: Facts on File Publications.

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