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Literary Lexicon

Literary Lexicon. Mrs. Carrie Hunnicutt 6 th Grade Reading and Language Arts 2013-2014. Plot. The sequence of events or actions in short story, novel, play or narrative poem. Exposition. The author lays the groundwork for the story by revealing the: Setting

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Literary Lexicon

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  1. Literary Lexicon Mrs. Carrie Hunnicutt 6th Grade Reading and Language Arts 2013-2014

  2. Plot • The sequence of events or actions in short story, novel, play or narrative poem

  3. Exposition • The author lays the groundwork for the story by revealing the: • Setting • Relationships between the characters • Situation as it exists before conflict begins

  4. Rising Action • The action and events that take place in the story and build up to the critical moment when the main conflict is confronted

  5. Falling Action • Events that occur after the climax and lead up to closure and conclusion of the story

  6. Inciting Incident • Interrupts the peace and balance of the situation and one or more of the characters comes into conflict with an outside force, himself, or another character

  7. Climax • The most critical moment in the story; the point at which the main conflict is at its highest point

  8. Denouement • The problem set up in the inciting incident is unraveled; there is a revelation of meaning

  9. Setting • The background against which action takes place. • The geographical location • The occupations and daily manner of living of the characters • The time or period in which the action takes place • The general environment of the characters (social, moral, emotional)

  10. Point of view • The perspective from which a story is told.

  11. Detail • Facts revealed by the author or speaker that support the attitude or tone in the work.

  12. Imagery • The words or phrases a writer uses to represent persons, objects, actions, feelings, and ideas descriptively by appealing to the five senses (sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch). • An author may also use animal imagery, as well as light and/or dark imagery.

  13. Characterization • The methods used by an author to create a character including: • The character’s physical appearance • The character’s own speech, thoughts, actions, and/or feelings • OTHER characters’ speech, thoughts, actions, and/or feelings about the character • Direct comments by the author about the character

  14. Tone • The writer’s attitude or feeling toward a person, a thing, a place, an event or situation

  15. Dynamic Character • A character that undergoes a change in actions or beliefs during the course of a story

  16. Static Character • A character that does not grow or change throughout the story, that ends as he/she began

  17. Protagonist • The central character, and focus of interest who is trying to accomplish or overcome an adversity, and has the ability to adapt to new circumstances.

  18. Antagonist • The character opposing the protagonist; can be a person, idea, or force

  19. Conflict • A struggle between two opposing forces

  20. Character vs. Character (External) • When a character has a problem with another character

  21. Character vs. Self (Internal) • When a character must make a decision about a problem or struggle he is having within himself.

  22. Character vs. Society (External) • When a character has a problem with a tradition or rule of society

  23. Character vs. Nature (External) • When a character has a problem with a force of nature such as cold, storms, earthquakes, etc.

  24. Character vs. Fate (External) • When a character has a problem with something he can’t do anything about, such as God, luck, death, etc.

  25. Allusion • A reference to a literary, mythological, or historical person, place, or thing

  26. Irony • A contrast between appearance and reality – usually one in which reality is the opposite from what it seems; when one thing is expected to happen or be, and the exact opposite occurs

  27. Symbol • The use of any object, person, place or action that both has a meaning in itself and that stands for something larger than itself, such as a quality, attitude, belief or value

  28. Foreshadowing • The use in a literary work of clues that suggest events that have yet to come

  29. Epiphany • An event in which the essential nature of something – a person, a situation, an object – is suddenly understood in a new way; a sudden realization an “ah ha!” moment

  30. Suspense • The quality of a literary work that makes the reader uncertain or tense about the outcome of events

  31. Motif • A recurrent element in a literary work. A pattern or strand of imagery or symbolism in a work of literature.

  32. Archetype • A type of character, action, or situation that occurs over and over in literature; a pattern or example that occurs in literature and life

  33. Theme • A central message or insight into life revealed through the literary work • A lesson about life or people

  34. Mood • The feeling created in the reader by a literary work or passage.

  35. Emphasis • When important aspects of a story are given important positions and in-depth development. • Emphasis is created by the use of: • Repetition – reiteration of a word, sound, phrase or idea • Parallelism – the arrangement and repetition of words, phrases or sentence structures. This adds rhythm and emotional impact to writing. • Extensive Detail/Description • Mechanical Devices such as capitalization, italics, symbols, and/or different colors of ink

  36. Motivation • A reason that explains a character’s thoughts, feelings, actions, or behavior

  37. Diction • Word choice • An author often chooses a word because it suggests a connotative meaning that comes from its use in various social contexts.

  38. Denotation • The specific dictionary definition of a word

  39. Connotation • The emotions or associations a word normally arouses in people using, hearing, or reading the word • A word may have a positive connotation, a negative connotation, or a neutral connotation.

  40. Figures of Speech • Words or phrases that describe one thing in terms of something else; always involve some sort of imaginary comparison between seemingly unlike things; not meant to be taken literally

  41. Simile • A comparison of two different things or ideas through the use of the words like or as

  42. Metaphor • A comparison of two unlike things not using like or as

  43. Personification • Writing that gives animals, inanimate objects or abstract ideas human characteristics

  44. Pun • A play on words that are identical or similar in sound but have sharply different meanings. • Puns can have serious as well as humorous uses.

  45. Idioms • An accepted phrase or expression having a meaning different from the literal

  46. Oxymoron • A form of paradox that combines a pair of opposite terms into a single unusual expression

  47. Hyperbole • A deliberate, extravagant and often outrageous exaggeration; may be used for either serious or comic effect

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