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Understanding Weathering, Erosion, and Soil Formation Processes

This text explores essential geological processes, focusing on weathering, erosion, and soil formation. It defines weathering types, including mechanical and chemical weathering, and discusses how natural elements like wind, water, and ice contribute to erosion. The document also highlights the significance of soil, humus, and decomposition in sustaining plant life and ecosystems. Additionally, it touches on fossils and their relationship with sedimentary rocks, emphasizing the importance of understanding these processes in geology and environmental science.

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Understanding Weathering, Erosion, and Soil Formation Processes

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  1. Rocks & Weathering Maps and Globes Soil Rivers/WaterErosion Fossils 100 pt 100 pt 100 pt 100 pt 100 pt 200 pt 200 pt 200 pt 200 pt 200 pt 300 pt 300 pt 300 pt 300 pt 300 pt 400 pt 400 pt 400 pt 400 pt 400 pt 500 pt 500 pt 500 pt 500 pt 500 pt

  2. The process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth’s surface.

  3. What is weathering?

  4. The process that breaks down rock through a chemical change.

  5. What is chemicalweathering?

  6. The term that refers to the grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by wind, water, ice, and gravity.

  7. What is abrasion?

  8. The burning of coal, oil, and gas can pollute the air. Once the air becomes polluted, this is formed.

  9. What is acid rain?

  10. The two most important factors that determine the rate at which weathering occurs.

  11. What are type of rock and climate?

  12. The type of weathering in which rock is physically broken down into smaller pieces.

  13. What is mechanical weathering?

  14. When water freezes in a crack of a rock, it expands and makes the crack bigger.

  15. What is ice wedging?

  16. When carbon dioxide is dissolved in rain water, it produces this substance that easily weathers limestone and marble?

  17. What is carbonic acid?

  18. The movement of rock particles by ice, wind, water, or gravity.

  19. What is erosion?

  20. When iron combines with oxygen in the presence of water, it causes this process to take place (another word for rusting).

  21. What is oxidation?

  22. This is a loose, weathered material on Earth’s surface in which plants can grow. It is a mixture of rock particles, minerals, decayed organic material, air, and water.

  23. What is soil?

  24. The nutrient rich, decayed, digested organic material in soil.

  25. What is humus?

  26. The largest rock particle found in soil.

  27. What is gravel?

  28. The smallest particle found in soil.

  29. What is clay?

  30. Soil that is made up of equal parts clay, sand, and silt.

  31. What is loam?

  32. As plants shed leaves, they form this loose layer.

  33. What is litter?

  34. Humus forms during this process.

  35. What is decomposition?

  36. The organisms that break down the remains of other dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them.

  37. What are decomposers?

  38. Many burrowing animals such as mice, moles, and prairie dogs do this.

  39. What is break up hard compacted soil and spread humus around?

  40. Three different organisms that are decomposers.

  41. What are earthworms, bacteria, protists, and fungi?

  42. The type of rock where most fossils are found in

  43. What is sedimentary?

  44. A fossil formed when minerals replace all or part of an organism

  45. What is apetrified fossil?

  46. The process by which all different kinds of living things have changed over long periods of time.

  47. What is evolution?

  48. The preserved remains or traces of an organism.

  49. What is a fossil?

  50. Living things dieand their remainsare buried in sediment.

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