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European Imperialism in India

European Imperialism in India. Let’s Start at the Beginning. Think back to the Age of Exploration (beginning in the 1400s) GLORY GOLD GOD . No More Land in Europe. European countries had to “gobble up” land elsewhere.

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European Imperialism in India

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  1. European Imperialism in India

  2. Let’s Start at the Beginning • Think back to the Age of Exploration (beginning in the 1400s) GLORY GOLD GOD

  3. No More Land in Europe European countries had to “gobble up” land elsewhere

  4. SPAIN and PORTUGAL(Europe’s Power Houses of the 1400s) Sea route to India • GOAL = _________________________ What was so appealing about India?

  5. SPAIN Christopher Columbus • _________________________ sent by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella to sail East to India in 1492 • Instead, he reaches Central America

  6. SPAIN Ferdinand Magellan • 1519 ________________________became the first man to CIRCUMNAVIGATE the globe • Killed fighting in the Phillipines • Left with 250 men, only 18 survived!

  7. PORTUGAL • PIONEERS • __________________________ Prince Henry began a navigational school and sent sailors to explore the western coast of Africa Henry the Navigator

  8. PORTUGAL WHAT INDIAN EMPIRE IS IN POWER DURING THIS TIME PERIOD? Vasco da Gama • __________________ • First person to sail around the tip of Africa to CALICUT, INDIA in 1498 • Marked the beginning of European sea trade in India

  9. Indian Ocean Trade Network SILK TEA GUNPOWDER COTTON/TEXTILES SLAVES SPICES SPICES GOLD

  10. Portuguese Trade • The Portuguese set up trading posts all along the coast of India • How would this economically benefit Portugal? Think back to when Italian merchants controlled the Silk Road • In 1510, Portuguese sailors conquered the city of Goa and set up a fortified trading base

  11. Portuguese Inquisition in Goa • Almost immediately, the Portuguese instituted the Inquisition in Goa • Hindus were severely persecuted • Torture/Death • Raw meat smeared on lips • Abolishment of Kama Sutra • “Missionary Position” • Property Stolen

  12. Other European Powers in India • At the same time the Portuguese were gaining a foothold in India, so were the DUTCH, FRENCH and __________ BRITISH WHERE ELSE ARE THE BRITISH INVOLVED DURING THIS TIME PERIOD?

  13. So How did Europe Gain Influence in India? better weapons • Europeans had ____________________ and ______________________ • The Mughal Empire was quickly declining steam-powered boats

  14. Prejudice • Dark skinned Indians were considered inferior to those of lighter skin • Similar to Blacks in America during the 1800s • Offspring of Indian/European families were caught in the middle of being accepted by the upper and lower classes

  15. Skin Color Change Article • Jot down the answers to these questions • What skin type is most favored in Southeast Asia? • According to the article, why do Indians revere and desire “whiteness”?

  16. BRITISH TAKE-OVER • British investors sought to cut losses and gain quick money so they formed JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES Businesses formed by combining investments and sharing in profits and losses

  17. BRITISH EAST INDIA TRADING COMPANY • Formed in 1600 to import spices from Asia • The Mughal Empire was divided and weak • Enforced rule using Indian troops Forced them to act against their religion Made secret deals with Indian rulers to acquire land & power

  18. STOP DISRESPECTING INDIAN CULTURE AND RELIGION!! HINDU and MUSLIM soldiers refused to bite the caps off rifle cartridges greased with animal fat

  19. Ended the Practice of SATI Side Note • Women would throw themselves on the funeral pyre of their husbands to honor the dead

  20. Sepoy Rebellion RESULTS • Tension between Indians and Brits • End of British East India Rule • India now under the: ___________________ British Crown DO YOU REMEMBER WHICH BRITISH QUEEN THIS IS?

  21. UNEQUAL PARTNERSHIP • India was considered the “brightest jewel” in the British empire • 4 Major Inequalities in British rule of India INDIA

  22. UNEQUAL PARTNERSHIP Unbalanced Trade • 1. ______________________ • Britain traded cheap, mass-produced textiles thus ruining India’s thriving hand-weaving industry • Traded cheap products for well-made, handcrafted goods.

  23. UNEQUAL PARTNERSHIP Forced Cash Crop Farming • 2. ______________________________ • Indians were forced to stop growing food for their families and start producing crops for trade (such as cotton) • Clearing land for farming led to massive deforestation

  24. UNEQUAL PARTNERSHIP Forced European Culture/Religion • 3. __________________________________

  25. UNEQUAL PARTNERSHIP Population ↑ & Famine • 4. ______________________________ • New medicine prolonged life • Cash crops lowered food supply

  26. BUT…WESTERNIZING INFLUENCES MODERNIZATION… TRANSPORTATION… DEMOCRACY…EQUALITY ...Nationalism

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