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Healthy Lifestyles for Preschoolers: The Current Evidence

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Healthy Lifestyles for Preschoolers: The Current Evidence

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    1. Thank you for the invitation to be here and talk today I hope that you find the talk helpful - please feel free to interrupt at any time and ask as many questions as you would like. Thank you for the invitation to be here and talk today I hope that you find the talk helpful - please feel free to interrupt at any time and ask as many questions as you would like.

    2. Outline Basic outline of talkBasic outline of talk

    3. Healthy Lifestyles What does it mean when we talk about healthy lifestyles? Quite broad and inclusive It may include things like sleep patterns, brain development, bones, concentration levels, dental care, prevention of diseases (for example cardiovascular disease and diabetes) and social skills, self esteem and safety Maybe the most important factors are healthy eating, physical activity and time spent being sedentaryWhat does it mean when we talk about healthy lifestyles? Quite broad and inclusive It may include things like sleep patterns, brain development, bones, concentration levels, dental care, prevention of diseases (for example cardiovascular disease and diabetes) and social skills, self esteem and safety Maybe the most important factors are healthy eating, physical activity and time spent being sedentary

    4. The latest evidence What is the latest evidenceWhat is the latest evidence

    5. 1. Children Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 2007 Two surveys - the first - Childrens Nutrition and physical activity survey - Representative sample - 4400 children across Australia, aged between 2 and 16 Focus - dietary intake, physical activity and weight statusTwo surveys - the first - Childrens Nutrition and physical activity survey - Representative sample - 4400 children across Australia, aged between 2 and 16 Focus - dietary intake, physical activity and weight status

    6. 2. Growing up in Australia Study 2 - longitudinal data set Most up to date results that we have access to - LSAC data As seem on ABC - Life at 1 and Life at 3 Much larger sample size - 10000 Two cohorts being followed up over time 6-7 year follow up, Teams in all states and territories - questionnaires, completed over the phone and in peoples family homesStudy 2 - longitudinal data set Most up to date results that we have access to - LSAC data As seem on ABC - Life at 1 and Life at 3 Much larger sample size - 10000 Two cohorts being followed up over time 6-7 year follow up, Teams in all states and territories - questionnaires, completed over the phone and in peoples family homes

    7. Dietary Intake Key factors for this survey - in terms of healthy lifestyles Spend some time looking at what is happening with the three critical factors - diet, physical activity and sedentary behavioursKey factors for this survey - in terms of healthy lifestyles Spend some time looking at what is happening with the three critical factors - diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviours

    8. Australian Recommendations No national guidelines for 2-3 years old < less than 10 % of energy from saturated fatNo national guidelines for 2-3 years old < less than 10 % of energy from saturated fat

    9. What is happening in Australia? This data is for children aged between 2 and 3 Approximately 65% have a least one serve per day - when you include juice in this - this increases significantly Juice is not as good as the fruit itself Going OK in terms of fruit Vegetables- 2 or more serves - less than 10%, add potatoes in - up to 15 % - not doing so well Cereal - > 3 serves - not doing so well as well Important points to rememberThis data is for children aged between 2 and 3 Approximately 65% have a least one serve per day - when you include juice in this - this increases significantly Juice is not as good as the fruit itself Going OK in terms of fruit Vegetables- 2 or more serves - less than 10%, add potatoes in - up to 15 % - not doing so well Cereal - > 3 serves - not doing so well as well Important points to remember

    10. What is happening in Australia? Blue columns - children aged between 4 and 8 - Consuming less fruit, more juice, starting to consume more vegetables Still significantly below the Australian recommendationsBlue columns - children aged between 4 and 8 - Consuming less fruit, more juice, starting to consume more vegetables Still significantly below the Australian recommendations

    11. What is happening in Australia? As age increases the fruit decreases and vegetable intake increases - how to overcome this problem?As age increases the fruit decreases and vegetable intake increases - how to overcome this problem?

    12. Physical Activity

    13. Australian Recommendations Floor based activities are encouraged from birth Three hours spread throughout the day - does not have to be all at once National guidelines - just about to be releasedFloor based activities are encouraged from birth Three hours spread throughout the day - does not have to be all at once National guidelines - just about to be released

    14. What is happening in Australia? Children aged between 9-13 - no data for younger children Based on the older children recommendations of 60 minutes of MVPA per day Girls meet the guidelines less often than boys, with a drop-off with age which is marked in older girlsChildren aged between 9-13 - no data for younger children Based on the older children recommendations of 60 minutes of MVPA per day Girls meet the guidelines less often than boys, with a drop-off with age which is marked in older girls

    15. Television viewing

    16. Australian Recommendations

    17. What is happening in Australia? Older children 9-13 year olds Less than 20 percent of children are meeting the recommendations most days - and then you look at all days - less than 10% of children meeting these recommendations. Older children 9-13 year olds Less than 20 percent of children are meeting the recommendations most days - and then you look at all days - less than 10% of children meeting these recommendations.

    18. What is happening in Australia? Preschool children What is the compliance set at for this study? This study was published before the new recommendations were available. - recommendations were < 2 hours on weekdays and weekends 2/3 of parents reported that their children watched less than 2 hour on weekend days and weekends. Are these results accurate - do you think that all time is reported for children - what about in the mornings and in the afternoons? Do you think that this is true -do you think that parents have added all the hours together - before and after breakfast - before and after dinner. Think about when you have the TV on in your hours - Therefore I would suggest that it may be less than this number meeting the recommendations Preschool children What is the compliance set at for this study? This study was published before the new recommendations were available. - recommendations were < 2 hours on weekdays and weekends 2/3 of parents reported that their children watched less than 2 hour on weekend days and weekends. Are these results accurate - do you think that all time is reported for children - what about in the mornings and in the afternoons? Do you think that this is true -do you think that parents have added all the hours together - before and after breakfast - before and after dinner. Think about when you have the TV on in your hours - Therefore I would suggest that it may be less than this number meeting the recommendations

    19. Weight Status We know that dietary intake, physical activity and sedentary behaviours are the most accepted factors associated with overweight and obesity - but what about others. Living within such a diverse culture with a variety of influences - can there be other influences?We know that dietary intake, physical activity and sedentary behaviours are the most accepted factors associated with overweight and obesity - but what about others. Living within such a diverse culture with a variety of influences - can there be other influences?

    20. What is happening in Australia? We know that dietary intake, physical activity and sedentary behaviours are the most accepted factors associated with overweight and obesity - but what about others. Living within such a diverse culture with a variety of influences - can there be other influences?We know that dietary intake, physical activity and sedentary behaviours are the most accepted factors associated with overweight and obesity - but what about others. Living within such a diverse culture with a variety of influences - can there be other influences?

    21. Other influences? We know that dietary intake, physical activity and sedentary behaviours are the most accepted factors associated with overweight and obesity - but what about others. Living within such a diverse culture with a variety of influences - can there be other influences?We know that dietary intake, physical activity and sedentary behaviours are the most accepted factors associated with overweight and obesity - but what about others. Living within such a diverse culture with a variety of influences - can there be other influences?

    24. House analogy - going from bedroom to house to preschool, to environment, television etc Relationship between overweight and non overweight childrenHouse analogy - going from bedroom to house to preschool, to environment, television etc Relationship between overweight and non overweight children

    25. House analogy - going from bedroom to house to preschool, to environment, television etc Relationship between overweight and non overweight childrenHouse analogy - going from bedroom to house to preschool, to environment, television etc Relationship between overweight and non overweight children

    26. What is happening now? (Early childhood settings) We know that dietary intake, physical activity and sedentary behaviours are the most accepted factors associated with overweight and obesity - but what about others. Living within such a diverse culture with a variety of influences - can there be other influences?We know that dietary intake, physical activity and sedentary behaviours are the most accepted factors associated with overweight and obesity - but what about others. Living within such a diverse culture with a variety of influences - can there be other influences?

    27. Current policies and practice Food safety and hygiene practices have been in place for some time and generally are similar between centres What is missing? - PA policies and practices Why is there a need for physical activity policies in Australia - surely kids are naturally active at preschools How much time do you think kids are active during a preschool day?Current policies and practice Food safety and hygiene practices have been in place for some time and generally are similar between centres What is missing? - PA policies and practices Why is there a need for physical activity policies in Australia - surely kids are naturally active at preschools How much time do you think kids are active during a preschool day?

    28. Physical activity in Early childhood settings Look at two Australian studies - two in Queensland Large study - observed the physical activity levels of children through the preschool day - across 24 centres - all different shapes and sizes Only 3% of time was spent in MVPA - this sort of exercise is when the heart rate has increased The majority of time was spent in sedentary activities Possible not surprisingly - boys were more active then girls But interestingly - 3 year olds were more active than 4-5 year olds Look at two Australian studies - two in Queensland Large study - observed the physical activity levels of children through the preschool day - across 24 centres - all different shapes and sizes Only 3% of time was spent in MVPA - this sort of exercise is when the heart rate has increased The majority of time was spent in sedentary activities Possible not surprisingly - boys were more active then girls But interestingly - 3 year olds were more active than 4-5 year olds

    29. Physical activity in Early childhood settings Study 2 - very similar results Small amount of time spent in MVPA, most of the time spent in sedentary activities What might be important is light activities - walking - how do we increase this in preschools - latest evidence about walking may be of benefit to preschool children - this may be the place to start??? Think about the types of activities that are offered in outside play - do they encourage children to be active or sedentary? Children are more active if - less fixed play ground equipment, larger playgrounds, confidence of the teacher Confidence of the teacher - interesting - how might this affect physical activity levels of preschool children - structured lessons and session around physical activity. Indeed this is what we have foundStudy 2 - very similar results Small amount of time spent in MVPA, most of the time spent in sedentary activities What might be important is light activities - walking - how do we increase this in preschools - latest evidence about walking may be of benefit to preschool children - this may be the place to start??? Think about the types of activities that are offered in outside play - do they encourage children to be active or sedentary? Children are more active if - less fixed play ground equipment, larger playgrounds, confidence of the teacher Confidence of the teacher - interesting - how might this affect physical activity levels of preschool children - structured lessons and session around physical activity. Indeed this is what we have found

    30. Get up and Grow - Healthy eating and physical activity guidelines for early childhood settings Initiated by the Department of Health and Ageing - national consistency between all child care centres Will be released in 2010?Initiated by the Department of Health and Ageing - national consistency between all child care centres Will be released in 2010?

    31. Physical activity recommendations for children 0-5 years We know that dietary intake, physical activity and sedentary behaviours are the most accepted factors associated with overweight and obesity - but what about others. Living within such a diverse culture with a variety of influences - can there be other influences?We know that dietary intake, physical activity and sedentary behaviours are the most accepted factors associated with overweight and obesity - but what about others. Living within such a diverse culture with a variety of influences - can there be other influences?

    32. What are we doing? We know that dietary intake, physical activity and sedentary behaviours are the most accepted factors associated with overweight and obesity - but what about others. Living within such a diverse culture with a variety of influences - can there be other influences?We know that dietary intake, physical activity and sedentary behaviours are the most accepted factors associated with overweight and obesity - but what about others. Living within such a diverse culture with a variety of influences - can there be other influences?

    33. Research Around Australia Gender differences SES influenceGender differences SES influence

    34. Jump Start Formative researchFormative research

    35. Jump Start Gender differences SES influenceGender differences SES influence

    36. Jump Start - FMS What is the focus of Jump Start - Fundamental movement skills Building blocks for all physical activity - tracks from childhood to adolescents Levels are suboptimal NEED TO BE TAUGHT - will not be automatic no matter how much playing occurs. Related to health outcomes - cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, adiposity, self esteem What is the focus of Jump Start - Fundamental movement skills Building blocks for all physical activity - tracks from childhood to adolescents Levels are suboptimal NEED TO BE TAUGHT - will not be automatic no matter how much playing occurs. Related to health outcomes - cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, adiposity, self esteem

    37. Jump Start Gender differences SES influenceGender differences SES influence

    38. The Time2bHealthy Program Formative researchFormative research

    39. Formative researchFormative research

    40. Formative researchFormative research

    41. Formative researchFormative research

    42. Questions?

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