Global Navigation Satellite Systems: Coordination & Cooperation

1. International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG): Coordination and Cooperation Kenneth D. Hodgkins Director Office of Space and Advanced Technology Bureau of Oceans, Environment, and Science U.S. Department of State 13th IAIN World Congress, 27 – 30 October 2009, Stockholm, Sweden

2. General Topics • UNISPACE III: Action Team on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) • International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) • GNSS Service Providers

3. UNISPACE III • Third United Nations Conference on the Exploration and Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UNISPACE III), July 1999: • “Space Millennium: Vienna Declaration on Space and Human Development” • Recommendation concerning Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS): …to improve the efficiency and security of transport, search and rescue, geodesy and other activities by promoting the enhancement of, universal access to and compatibility of space-based navigation and positioning systems • 2001: 12 Action Teams established by UN COPUOS under voluntary leadership by Member States – Recommendations that have been assigned highest priority by Member States of the United Nations

4. GNSS Action Team co-chaired by the United States and Italy Membership: 38 nations & 15 organizations Working Groups on 5 thematic areas: Surveying, mapping and Earth science Agriculture and management of natural resources Environmental monitoring and management Transportation Education and training, awareness increase 2001 – 2002: Regional Workshops ESCAP: Malaysia ECE: Austria ECLAC: Chile ECA: Zambia 2002 – 2004: International Meetings, Vienna Action Team GNSS concluded its work Action Team on GNSS

5. International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) • 2005: Establishment of ICG, UNOV, Vienna, Austria • ICG Membership • GNSS Providers: United States, Russian Federation, European Commission, European Space Agency, China, India, Japan • Other States Members of the United Nations (3) • International Organizations/Associations (14) – IAIN a founding member • 2006: First Meeting of ICG, UNOV, Vienna, Austria • Work plan: • WG A: Compatibility and Interoperability (USA and Russian Federation) • WG B: Enhancement of performance of GNSS services (India and ESA) • WG C: Information dissemination and capacity building (UN OOSA) • WG D: Interaction with international organizations, national and regional authorities (IAG, IGS, FIG)

6. International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) • 2007: Second Meeting of ICG, ISRO, Bangalore, India • Within ICG is the Providers’ Forum, consisting of those countries operating GNSS systems or with plans to develop one • Providers’ Forum provides a venue for coordination and cooperation to improve overall service provision • 2008: Third Meeting of ICG, JPL, Pasadena, USA • Providers’ Forum - Focused discussions on compatibility and interoperability - Exchange detailed information on systems/service provision plans - Exchange views on ICG work plan and activities • UN-affiliated Regional Centres for Space Science and Technology Education will act as the ICG Information Centres • Task Forces on Geodetic and Time References 6

7. International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) • 2009: Fourth Meeting of ICG, Roscosmos, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation • Further development of the ICG and Providers’ Forum work plans: • Further elaboration and implementation of compatibility and interoperability; • Monitoring of the ionosphere during the next solar maximum and its effects on GNSS receivers; • Adopted new principle on transparency: Every provider should publish documentation that describes signal and system information, policies of provision and minimum levels of performance for its open services; • Task Forces to align and maintain geodetic and timing references to enhance interoperability for the user • 2010: Fifth Meeting of ICG will be jointly hosted by Italy and European Commission, October 18 – 22, Turin, Italy

8. Current and Planned GNSS Global Constellations GPS (24+) GLONASS (30) Galileo (27) Compass (35) Regional Constellations QZSS (3) IRNSS (7) Satellite-Based Augmentations WAAS (3) MSAS (2) EGNOS (3) GAGAN (3) SDCM (2) 8

9. IRNSS GALILEO COMPASS QZSS GPS GLONASS The Goal of RNSS Civil Interoperability • Ideal interoperability allows navigation with one signal each from four or more systems with no additional receiver cost or complexity Interoperable = Better Together than Separate

10. GNSS Service Providers • Ensure interoperability ― ability of global and regional systems and their services to be used together to provide better capabilities at the user level than would be achieved by relying on one system • compatibility – ability of global and regional systems to be used separately or together without causing unacceptable interference and/or other harm to an individual system 10

11. GNSS Service Providers • As new space-based GNSS are emerging globally, interoperability is the key to “success for all” • ICGis a forum to discuss GNSS to benefit people around the world 11

12. ICG Executive Secretariat • UN OOSA is the ICG Executive Secretariat • ICG provides: • Web-based information • Information brochures • Training/technical workshops for capacity building in developing countries • Promoting the use of GNSS technologies as tools for scientific applications http://www.icgsecretariat.org 12

13. Contact Information Kenneth Hodgkins Director Office of Space and Advanced Technology U.S. Department of State 1990 K Street NW, Suite 410 Washington, D.C. 20006 202-663-2398 (office) hodgkinskd@state.gov http://www.state.gov/g/oes/sat/