1 / 19

Degenerative Diseases

Degenerative Diseases. Degenerative Disease Defined. Degenerative nerve diseases cause worsening of many of your body's activities, including: -balance -movement -talking -breathing -heart function -tissues or organs. Ex. of Degenerative Diseases. Alzheimer’s Disease

amena
Télécharger la présentation

Degenerative Diseases

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Degenerative Diseases

  2. Degenerative Disease Defined • Degenerative nerve diseases cause worsening of many of your body's activities, including: • -balance • -movement • -talking • -breathing • -heart function • -tissues or organs

  3. Ex. of Degenerative Diseases • Alzheimer’s Disease • Parkinson’s Disease • Arthrosclerosis • Cancer • Diabetes • Heart Disease • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Osteoporosis • Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

  4. The Brain • Cerebrum: • Conscious thought processes, intellectual functions • Memory storage and processing • Conscious and subconscious regulation of skeletal muscle contractions • Cerebellum: • Coordinates complex somatic motor patterns • Adjusts output of other somatic motors centers in brain and spinal cord

  5. The Brain Cont. (Brain Stem) • Medulla Oblongata: • Autonomic centers for regulation of visceral function (cardiovascular, respiratory and digestive system activities) • Pons: • Relays sensory information to cerebellum and thalamus • Mesencephalon • Procession of visual and auditory data • Maintenence of consciousness

  6. The Brain Cont. (Brain Stem) • Diencephalon (Thalamus and Hypothalamus) • Thalamus: relay processing centers for sensory information • Hypothalamus: centers controlling emotions, autonomic functions and hormone production

  7. Lobes of the Brain • Frontal Lobe- associated with reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions, and problem solving • Parietal Lobe- associated with movement, orientation, recognition, perception of stimuli • Occipital Lobe- associated with visual processing • Temporal Lobe- associated with perception and recognition of auditory stimuli, memory, and speech

  8. Cranial Nerves • I- Olfactory • II-Optic • III- Oculomotor • IV-Trochlear • V- Trigeminal • VI- Abducens • VII- Facial • VIII- Vestibulocochlear • IX- Glossopharyngeal

  9. Cranial nerves Cont. • X- Vagus • XI- Accessory • XII- Hypoglossal

  10. Cranial Nerve functions and testing • Olfactory- • Function- Smell • Test- Identify odors with eyes closed • Optic- • Function- Vision • Test- Test peripheral vision with one eye covered • Oculomotor- • Function- eye movement and pupillary reaction • Test- peripheral vision, eye chart, reaction to light • Trochlear- • Function- eye movement • Test- test ability to depress and adduct eye

  11. Cranial Nerve Functions and Testing • Trigeminal- • Function- face sensation • Test- Face sensation and clench teeth • Abducens- • Function- eye movement • Test- test ability to abduct eye past midline • Facial- • Function- facial muscles and taste • Test- close eyes and smile, detect various tastes- sweet, sour, salty, bitter • Vestibulocochlear- • Function- hearing and balance • Test- hearing, feet together, eyes open/closed x 5 sec

  12. Cranial Nerve Functions and Testing • Glossopharyngeal- • Function- swallow, voice, gag reflex • Test- swallow and say “ah” • Vagus- • Function- swallow, voice, gag reflex • Test- use tongue depressor to elicit gag reflex • Accessory- • Function- trapezius • Test- Rotate/ SB neck, shrug shoulders • Hypoglossal- • Function- tongue movement • Test- Protrude tongue (watch for lateral deviation)

  13. Spinal Cord • Cervical • C1-C8 • Thoracic • T1-T12 • Lumbar • L1-L5 • Sacral • S1-S5

  14. Spinal Cord Cont. • Cervical plexus: • C1-C5 nerve roots • Brachial Plexus: • C5-T1 nerve roots • Lumbar Plexus: • T12-L4 nerve roots • Sacral Plexus: • L4-S4 nerve roots

  15. The heart • Left Atrium • Right Atrium • Left Ventricle • Right Ventricle • Aorta • Superior vena cava & Inferior vena cava • Right and Left pulmonary veins

  16. The Heart Cont.

  17. The heart cont. • The heart wall- • Epicardium- covers the outer surface of the heart • Myocardium- muscular wall of the heart, form both atria and ventricles • Endocardium- covers the inner surface of the heart • Heart valves- • Atrioventricular Valve- prevent backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria when the ventricles are contr acting • Semilunar Valve- pulmonary and aortic valves prevent backflow of blood from the pulmonary trunk and aorta into the right and left ventricles.

  18. The Heart Beat http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iX6HnUyzgQ0 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QSLqixBjGkE&NR=1 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xw4nDMgTOrw&NR=1

More Related