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USII.7abc-8abcd

USII.7abc-8abcd. 2 nd Nine Weeks Benchmark Review WWII & The Cold War including USII.2c, 4d, 6c and 6d. Political instability & economic devastation in Europe resulting from WWI:. World wide depression Germany’s high war debt High inflation Massive unemployment. Rise of Fascism.

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USII.7abc-8abcd

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  1. USII.7abc-8abcd 2nd Nine Weeks Benchmark Review WWII & The Cold War including USII.2c, 4d, 6c and 6d.

  2. Political instability & economic devastation in Europe resulting from WWI: • World wide depression • Germany’s high war debt • High inflation • Massive unemployment

  3. Rise of Fascism Fascism is a political philosophy in which total power is given to a dictator and individual freedoms are denied

  4. Fascist dictators included: • Adolf Hitler -Germany • Benito Mussolini -Italy • Hieki Tojo -Japan

  5. The 3 Axis Powers • Germany • Hitler • Italy • Mussolini • Japan • Tojo

  6. Ruled by dictatorships: • Nazi Germany • Fascist Italy • Dictatorial Japan • Communist Soviet Union

  7. The Soviet Union (Joseph Stalin) • Began as an Axis Power, and changed to the Allies after Germany invasion.

  8. The Allies-(Democratic Nations) *USA • FDR & Truman *Great Britain *Canada • Churchill *France *Soviet Union • Stalin (joined after German invasion)

  9. US Presidents during WWII • Franklin D. Roosevelt and later… • Harry S. Truman

  10. There was a gradualchange in American policy during WWII: • Isolationism (Great Depression, legacy of WWI) • Economic aid to allies (lend lease) • Direct involvement (Pearl Harbor)

  11. Isolationism • National policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs.

  12. Inflation • A continuous rise in the price of goods and services.

  13. Increased tensions between the U.S. and Japan BEFORE Pearl Harbor was due to: • Japanese aggression in East Asia

  14. Lend-lease • An act passed by Congress in March 1941 allowing the U.S. to sell, lend, or lease arms or other war supplies to any nation vital to the defense of the U.S. • Ex:The U.S. gave war supplies and old naval ships to Great Britain in return for military bases in Bermuda and the Caribbean.

  15. The U.S. helped in WWII BEFOREPearl Harbor by: • Giving economic aid to the Allies

  16. The bombing of Pearl Harbor • December 7, 1941 • “A day that shall live in infamy”

  17. The U.S. declared war on Japanthen…. Germany declared war on the U.S. That was 2 years after…. When…

  18. Germany invades Poland in 1939 The start of WWII in Europe The Soviet Union also invaded Poland and the Baltic Nations.

  19. War Timeline: • Germany invades Poland on Sept. 1939 • Germany invades France and captures Paris on June 1940 • Japan bombs Pearl Harbor on Dec. 1941 • U.S. declares war on Japan & Germany • D-Day, Normandy, France June 1944

  20. The Battle of Britain • Germanylaunched massive air raids over London, BUT the British Royal Air Force mounted a heroic defense and inflicted heavy losses on the German Air Force. Hitler then moved east into the Soviet Union.

  21. Stalingrad • The Soviet Union defeated Germany at Stalingrad, oil rich lands to the south of the Soviet Union.This was a turning point of the war in Eastern Europe.

  22. D-Day • American & Allied troops • Normandy, France • June 6, 1944 • Started the liberation of Western Europe

  23. The Battle of Midway U.S. victory that was a turning point in the war in the Pacific

  24. Japan surrendered because: • The U.S. dropped 2 atomic bombs on: • Hiroshima • Nagasaki This marked the end of World War II.

  25. Hitler’s promise • A boost in economy • Relief from high unemployment

  26. The Holocaust • a systematic attempt to rid Europe of all Jews. • practiced Anti-semitism- a hatred of Jews

  27. Hitler believed that: • Aryans were the master race

  28. Tactics used during the Holocaust: • Boycott of Jewish stores • Threats • Segregation • Imprisonment and killing of Jews and others in concentration camps

  29. Concentration Camps • Where Hitler imprisoned Jews and others during WWII

  30. Allied forces liberated (set free) Jews and others from Concentration Camps at the end of WWII.

  31. American involvement in WWII brought an end to the Great Depression • Factories and workers were needed to produce goods to win the war

  32. America went from a consumer producing country to a war producing country: • Nylon stockings to parachutes • Tennis shoes to combat boots • Automobiles to trucks & tanks

  33. Women helped during WWII by: • Thousands took jobs in defense plants during the war. (Rosie the Riveter)

  34. Americans at home supported the war by: • Conserving and rationing resources Red Books were used to purchase goods such as meat, butter, and cheese.

  35. The need for workers temporarily broke down some racial barriers (hiring in defense plants) • Discrimination against African Americans still continued.

  36. Internment Camps • Where the U.S. put Japanese Americans during WWII (although many served in the armed forces during the war)

  37. Post WWII • USII.7a

  38. The United States & Soviet Union • Emerged as SUPERPOWERS after WWII

  39. The United Nations • An international organization that debates world issues and tries to keep peace • Formed near the end of WWII to prevent future wars

  40. After WWII Japan: • Adopted a democratic form of government • Resumed self-government • Became a strong ally of the United States

  41. After WWII • The U.S. felt it was in its best interest to rebuild Europe to prevent political and economic instablililty

  42. Containment • The policy or process of preventing the expansion of a hostile powers; a policy of blocking communist expansion.

  43. Marshall Plan • U.S. plan to provide massive economic aid to Western Europe after WWII and to stop the spread of communism Named after George C. Marshall who made the announcement

  44. Germany was partitioned into: West Germany- Became democratic Resumed self-government (after a few years of American, French, and British occupation) East Germany- Remained under domination of Soviet Union & did not adopt democratic institutions

  45. Capitalism • An economic system based on private property and free enterprise • U.S.A. has this type of system

  46. Converting from: Wartime to peacetime • Following WWII, Americans prospered due to an expanding economy stimulated by America’s involvement in the war

  47. Reasons for rapid growth of American economy following WWII • With rationing over, business converted from production of war materials to consumer goods • Americans purchased goods on credit

  48. Combat boots to tennis shoes Fighter jets to passenger airplanes Parachutes to nylon stockings Production of war vehicles to family automobiles automobiles Examples of businesses converting from the production of war materials to consumer goods:

  49. More reasons for rapid growth of American economy following WWII: • Workforce went back to men • Women returned to family duties • Labor unions merged & became more powerful • Workers gained new benefits and higher salaries

  50. A “Booming” economy: • As economic prosperity continued and technology boomed, the next generation of women re-entered the labor force in large numbers

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